{"id":5331,"date":"2021-12-12T14:05:13","date_gmt":"2021-12-12T19:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/?p=5331"},"modified":"2021-12-12T14:05:15","modified_gmt":"2021-12-12T19:05:15","slug":"corruption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/2021\/12\/12\/corruption\/","title":{"rendered":"Corruption"},"content":{"rendered":"\nThe microwave auditory effect, also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect, consists of the human perception of audible clicks, or even speech, induced by pulsed or modulated radio frequencies. The communications are generated directly inside the human head without the need of any receiving electronic device. The effect was first reported by persons working in the vicinity of radartransponders during World War II. In 1961, the Americanneuroscientist Allan H. Frey studied this phenomenon and was the first to publish information on the nature of the microwave auditory effect.[1][2] The cause is thought to be thermoelastic expansion of portions of the auditory apparatus,[3] although competing theories explain the results of holographic interferometry tests differently.[4]\n\n\n\n[1] Allan H. Frey (1962). “Human auditory system response to modulated electromagnetic energy”. Journal of Applied Physiology. 17 (4): 689\u2013692. doi:10.1152\/jappl.1962.17.4.689. PMID13895081. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2019. [2]“Allan Frey: A Pioneer of Radiation Research”. Slow Digital. December 7, 2017. Archived from the original on November 22, 2019. Retrieved November 23, 2019. [3] Wagner, Gregory R.; Rest, Kathleen M. (2005). Levy, Barry S. (ed.). Prevent[...x]<\/span>
ing Occupational Disease and Injury<\/em>. American Public Health Association. ISBN978-0-87553-043-7<\/bdi>. [4]<\/sup> Holographic Assessment of Microwave Hearing, Science<\/em> 05 Sep 1980: Vol. 209, Issue 4461, pp. 1144-1145<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auditory response to pulsed radiofrequency energy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

J A Elder et al. Bioelectromagnetics. 2003. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABOUT ARTICLE BELLOW Note the timelines involved in development of more highly pathogenic strains of the Marek\u2019s disease virus. Now this is a DNA herpesvirus. Coronaviruses are RNA viruses, and mutate more rapidly. So who knows. But vaccines that are this leaky are a problem<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines Are Pushing Pathogens to Evolve<\/strong> ByMELINDA WENNER MOYER May 10, 2018Just as antibiotics breed resistance in bacteria, vaccines can incite changes that enable diseases to escape their control. Researchers are working to head off the evolution of new threatsMatthew J. Jones, a research assistant at Pennsylvania State University, takes a sample of dust collected from a chicken farm to test it for signs of the virus that causes Marek\u2019s disease, an infection common among poultry. Some evidence suggests that the virus that causes the disease is becoming immune to yet another version of the vaccine that controls it.<\/span>Sasha Maslov for Quanta Magazine -20180510 Read and his colleagues are studying how the herpesvirus that causes Marek\u2019s disease \u2014 a highly contagious, paralyzing and ultimately deadly ailment that costs the chicken industry more than $2 billion a year \u2014 might be evolving in response to its vaccine. Its latest vaccine, that is. Marek\u2019s disease has been sickening chickens globally for over a century; birds catch it by inhaling dust laden with viral particles shed in other birds\u2019 feathers. The first vaccine was introduced in 1970, when the disease was killing entire flocks. It worked well, but within a decade, the vaccine mysteriously began to fail; outbreaks of Marek\u2019s began erupting in flocks of inoculated chickens. A second vaccine was licensed in 1983 in the hopes of solving the problem, yet it, too, gradually stopped working. Today, the poultry industry is on its third vaccine. It still works, but Read and others are concerned it might one day fail, too \u2014 and no fourth-line vaccine is waiting. Worse, in recent decades, the virus has become more deadly.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EvolutionVolume 67, Issue 3 p. 851-860Free Access<\/p>\n\n\n\n

VACCINATION AND REDUCED COHORT DURATION CAN DRIVE VIRULENCE EVOLUTION: MAREK\u2019S DISEASE VIRUS AND INDUSTRIALIZED AGRICULTURE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Katherine E. Atkins,Andrew F. Read,Nicholas J. Savill,Katrin G. Renz,AFM Fakhrul Islam,Stephen W. Walkden-Brown,Mark E. J. WoolhouseFirst published: 18 September 2012https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2012.01803.xCitations: 49 SUMMARYMarek\u2019s disease virus (MDV), a commercially important disease of poultry, has become substantially more virulent over the last 60 years. This evolution was presumably a consequence of changes in virus ecology associated with the intensification of the poultry industry. Here, we assess whether vaccination or reduced host life span could have generated natural selection, which favored more virulent strains. Using previously published experimental data, we estimated viral fitness under a range of cohort durations and vaccine treatments on broiler farms. We found that viral fitness maximized at intermediate virulence, as a result of a trade-off between virulence and transmission previously reported. Our results suggest that vaccination, acting on this trade-off, could have led to the evolution of increased virulence. By keeping the host alive, vaccination prolongs infectious periods of virulent strains. Improvements in host genetics and nutrition, which reduced broiler life spans below 50 days, could have also increased the virulence of the circulating MDV strains because shortened cohort duration reduces the impact of host death on viral fitness. These results illustrate the dramatic impact anthropogenic change can potentially have on pathogen virulence. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scientists Say We Can See Sound<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

By Robin Nixon August 18, 2008 Your brain’s visual system can be employed to hear, according to a study of monkeys. Scientists figure this might be one reason blind people develop keen hearing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

BioelectromagneticsVolume 24, Issue S6 p. S162-S173ReviewFree Access<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auditory response to pulsed radiofrequency energy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

J.A. Elder,C.K. ChouFirst published: 14 November 2003https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bem.10163Citations: 37 The human auditory response to pulses of radiofrequency (RF) energy, commonly called RF hearing, is a well established phenomenon. RF induced sounds can be characterized as low intensity sounds because, in general, a quiet environment is required for the auditory response. The sound is similar to other common sounds such as a click, buzz, hiss, knock, or chirp. Effective radiofrequencies range from 2.4 to 10 000 MHz, but an individual’s ability to hear RF induced sounds is dependent upon high frequency acoustic hearing in the kHz range above about 5 kHz. The site of conversion of RF energy to acoustic energy is within or peripheral to the cochlea, and once the cochlea is stimulated, the detection of RF induced sounds in humans and RF induced auditory responses in animals is similar to acoustic sound detection. The fundamental frequency of RF induced sounds is independent of the frequency of the radiowaves but dependent upon head dimensions. The auditory response has been shown to be dependent upon the energy in a single pulse and not on average power density. The weight of evidence of the results of human, animal, and modeling studies supports the thermoelastic expansion theory as the explanation for the RF hearing phenomenon. RF induced sounds involve the perception via bone conduction of thermally generated sound transients, that is, audible sounds are produced by rapid thermal expansion resulting from a calculated temperature rise of only 5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22126<\/sup> \u00b0C in tissue at the threshold level due to absorption of the energy in the RF pulse. The hearing of RF induced sounds at exposure levels many orders of magnitude greater than the hearing threshold is considered to be a biological effect without an accompanying health effect. This conclusion is supported by a comparison of pressure induced in the body by RF pulses to pressure associated with hazardous acoustic energy and clinical ultrasound procedures. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 6:S162\u2013S173, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advances in Optics and Photonics<\/strong> Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp. 586-617 (2016) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Photoacoustics: a historical review<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Srirang Manohar and Daniel Razansky <\/p>\n\n\n\n

We review the history of photoacoustics from the discovery in 1880 that modulated light produces acoustic waves to the current time, when the pulsed variant of the discovery is fast developing into a powerful biomedical imaging modality. We trace the meandering and fascinating passage of the effect along several conceptual and methodological trajectories to several variants of the method, each with its set of proposed applications. The differences in mechanisms between the intensity modulated effect and the pulsed version are described in detail. We also learn the several names given to the effect, and trace the modern-day divide in nomenclature. \u00a9 2016 Optical Society of America <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sardes<\/strong>, en otros idiomas Sardis<\/em> (griego antiguo \u03b1\u1f31 \u03a3\u03ac\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, en j\u00f3nico \u03a3\u03ac\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, forma contra\u00edda \u03a3\u03ac\u03c1\u03b4\u1fd1\u03c2, lidio Sfard<\/em>, persa Sparda<\/em>) fue una antigua ciudad de Asia Menor fundada por el rey lidio Giges (680-644 a. C.) como capital del antiguo reino de Lidia. Se corresponde con la actual Sart, en la provincia turca de Manisa, en la ladera septentrional del monte Tmolo (actual Boz Dag), en el valle medio del r\u00edo Pactolo (actual Gediz), que desemboca en el mar Egeo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

REVEALED: Omicron was in the Netherlands five days BEFORE South Africa alerted the world about it <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

By Jack Newman For Mailonline and Associated Press16:38 GMT 30 Nov 2021 , updated 08:34 GMT 01 Dec 2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Dutch health chiefs have found Omicron in samples dated from November 19<\/strong><\/li>
  • But South Africa only reported the variant to the WHO on November 24 <\/strong><\/li>
  • The strain was being spread around the world before anyone knew it existed<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A crystal radio receiver<\/strong>, also called a crystal set<\/strong>, is a simple radio receiver, popular in the early days of radio. It uses only the power of the received radio signal to produce sound, needing no external power. It is named for its most important component, a crystal detector, originally made from a piece of crystalline mineral such as galena.[1]<\/sup> This component is now called a diode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Crystal radios are the simplest type of radio receiver[2]<\/sup> and can be made with a few inexpensive parts, such as a wire for an antenna, a coil of wire, a capacitor, a crystal detector, and earphones (because a crystal set has insufficient power for a loudspeaker).[3]<\/sup> However they are passive receivers, while other radios use an amplifier powered by current from a battery or wall outlet to make the radio signal louder. Thus, crystal sets produce rather weak sound and must be listened to with sensitive earphones, and can receive stations only within a limited range of the transmitter.[4]<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Carr, Joseph J. (1990). Old Time Radios! Restoration and Repair<\/em>. US: McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 7\u20139. ISBN 0-8306-3342-1<\/bdi>.<\/li>
    2. ^ a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> Petruzellis, Thomas (2007). 22 Radio and Receiver Projects for the Evil Genius<\/em>. US: McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 40, 44. ISBN 978-0-07-148929-4<\/bdi>.<\/li>
    3. ^ a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> Field, Simon Quellen (2003). Gonzo gizmos: Projects and devices to channel your inner geek<\/em>. US: Chicago Review Press. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-55652-520-9<\/bdi>.<\/li>
    4. ^ a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup> Schaeffer, Derek K.; Thomas H. Lee (1999). The Design and Implementation of Low Power CMOS Receivers<\/em>. Springer. pp. 3\u20134. ISBN 0-7923-8518-7<\/bdi>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      READ hand Dynamo Charger usb for phones <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      How do Cell Phone Crank Chargers Work?<\/strong> Turning the hand crank generates power through electromagnetic induction, which basically just means as you spin the handle it spins a magnet within a wire coil. As the surfaces pass one another electrons are stripped from the magnetic field creating a sustainable form of electricity. The energy is then stored in the battery or capacitor to be used as needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n<\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Evidence ancient Babylonians were far more advanced than we thought – BBC REEL 6 dic2021Plimpton 322 is the name given to a 3,800-year-old clay tablet discovered in Iraq in the early 20th Century by archeologist Edgar J Banks, the man believed to have inspired Indiana Jones. Over time this tablet has become one of the most significant and most studied objects of the ancient world. Dr Daniel Mansfield, of the University of New South Wales, who has studied Plimpton 322 along with other similar tablets, argues that these are evidence that the Babylonians were solving real-world problems, such as surveying, using the basics of Pythagoras’ theorem 1,000 years before the ancient Greeks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      La vacuna contra el sarampi\u00f3n pierde su eficacia a\u00f1o con a\u00f1o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      An\u00e1lisis escrito por Dr. Joseph MercolaDatos comprobados 17 de Octubre, 2020 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • Es probable que la eficacia de la vacuna MMR para combatir el sarampi\u00f3n, las paperas y la rub\u00e9ola pierda fuerza con los a\u00f1os<\/li>
      • Los problemas incluyen el an\u00e1lisis de la inmunidad humoral, que podr\u00eda subestimar la protecci\u00f3n, y la falta de estandarizaci\u00f3n para evaluar la inmunidad, por lo que no es posible realizar comparaciones precisas entre laboratorios<\/li>
      • Las preocupaciones sobre la seguridad de las vacunas se ven reflejadas en la cantidad de personas que dudan en vacunarse contra el COVID-19, lo que lleva a los investigadores a tratar de cambiar su opini\u00f3n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Did Merck Unfairly Monopolize the Market for a Mumps Vaccine?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        By Ed SilvermanSept. 10, 2014 12:50 pm ETSHARETEXT<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Did Merck use false pretenses to monopolize the market for mumps vaccines?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        A pair of lawsuits \u2013 one of which is filed by former employees and the other by doctors \u2013 make this allegation and a federal judge is allowing both claims to proceed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Case 2:10-cv-04374-CDJ Document 61 Filed 09\/05\/14 Page 1 of 42<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
        FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA
        UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ex rel. :
        STEPHEN A. KRAHLING AND : CIVIL ACTION
        JOAN A. WLOCHOWSKI, :
        :
        Relators, : NO. 10-4374 &
        : NO. 12-3555
        v. :
        :
        MERCK & CO., INC., :
        :
        Defendant. :
        AMENDED MEMORANDUM
        Jones, II, J. September 5, 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        In Civil Action No. 10-4374, Relators Stephen A. Krahling and Joan A. Wlochowski
        (\u201cPlaintiffs\u201d) bring this qui tam action in accordance with the False Claims Act (\u201cFCA\u201d),
        pursuant to 31 U.S.C. \u00a7\u00a7 3729-33. Relators allege that their former employer, Defendant Merck
        & Co., Inc. (\u201cMerck\u201d) fraudulently misled the government and omitted, concealed, and
        adulterated material information regarding the efficacy of its mumps vaccine in violation of the
        FCA. The United States declined to intervene in this action, filing a Notice of Election to Decline
        Intervention before this Court on April 27, 2012. (Dkt. No. 14). Defendant moves to dismiss the
        Amended Complaint pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), 8(a)and 9(b). (Dkt.
        No. 45).
        In Civil Action No. 12-3555, Chatom Primary Care, P.C., Andrew Klein, M.D., John I.
        Sutter, M.D. (the \u201cPlaintiffs\u201d) bring this putative class action alleging monopolization in
        violation of the Sherman Act under 15 U.S.C. \u00a7 2 and violations of various state laws. (Dkt. No. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        26.) Defendant moves to dismiss the Amended Complaint pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil
        Procedure 12(b)(6) and 9(b). (Dkt. No. 40).
        For purposes of deciding the Motions to Dismiss, this memorandum takes as true facts as
        alleged in the Amended Complaints. See Phillips v. County of Allegheny, 515 F.3d 224, 233 (3d
        Cir. 2008). For the reasons that follow, Defendant\u2019s Motions regarding all claims for both cases
        are granted in part and denied in part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Unexpectedly Limited Durability of Immunity Following Acellular Pertussis Vaccination in Preadolescents in a North American Outbreak <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Maxwell A. Witt, Paul H. Katz, David J. WittClinical Infectious Diseases<\/em>, Volume 54, Issue 12, 15 June 2012, Pages 1730\u20131735,  March 2012 Article history<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        • PDF<\/li>
        •  Views <\/li>
        •  Cite<\/li>
        • Permissions Icon<\/em> Permissions<\/li>
        •  Share <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Abstract<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Background.<\/em><\/strong>\u2003Despite widespread childhood vaccination against Bordetella pertussis<\/em>, disease remains prevalent. It has been suggested that acellular vaccine may be less effective than previously believed. During a large outbreak, we examined the incidence of pertussis and effectiveness of vaccination in a well-vaccinated, well-defined community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Methods.<\/em><\/strong>\u2003Our center provides care to 135 000 patients, 40% of the population of Marin County, California. A total of 171 patients tested positive for B. pertussis<\/em> from 1 March to 31 October 2010 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Electronic medical records were reviewed for demographic characteristics and vaccination status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Results.<\/em><\/strong>\u2003We identified 171 cases of clinical pertussis, 132 of which were in pediatric patients. There was a notable increase in cases among patients aged 8\u201312 years. The rate of testing peaked among infants but remained relatively constant across ages until 12 years. The rate of positive tests was low for ages 0\u20136 years and increased among preadolescents, peaking among those aged 12 years. The vaccination rate among PCR-positive preadolescents were approximately equal to that of controls. The vaccine effectiveness was 41%, 24%, and 79% for children aged 2\u20137 years, 8\u201312 years, 13\u201318 years, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Conclusions.<\/em><\/strong>\u2003Our data suggests that the current schedule of acellular pertussis vaccine doses is insufficient to prevent outbreaks of pertussis. We noted a markedly increased rate of disease from ages 8\u201312 years, proportionate to the interval since the last scheduled vaccine. Stable rates of testing ruled out selection bias. The possibility of earlier or more numerous booster doses of acellular pertussis vaccine either as part of routine immunization or for outbreak control should be entertained.Topic: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          • polymerase chain reaction<\/li>
          • child<\/li>
          • demography<\/li>
          • disease outbreaks<\/li>
          • immunity<\/li>
          • infant<\/li>
          • pediatrics<\/li>
          • pertussis vaccine<\/li>
          • vaccination<\/li>
          • vaccines<\/li>
          • pertussis<\/li>
          • electronic medical records<\/li>
          • immunization, childhood<\/li>
          • pre-teen<\/li>
          • community<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Issue Section: Articles and Commentaries<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Guidance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Human Augmentation \u2013 The Dawn of a New Paradigm<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

            A think-piece designed to set the foundation for more detailed research and development on human augmentation.From:Ministry of DefencePublished13 May 2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Documents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            <\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            Human Augmentation \u2013 The Dawn of a New Paradigm Strategic Implications Project<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            PDF, 5.35MB, 110 pages<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Details<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            The Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre (DCDC) has worked in partnership with the German Bundeswehr Office for Defence Planning to understand the future implications of human augmentation (HA), setting the foundation for more detailed Defence research and development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            The project incorporates research from German, Swedish, Finnish and UK Defence specialists to understand how emerging technologies such as genetic engineering, bioinformatics and the possibility of brain-computer interfaces could affect the future of society, security and Defence. The ethical, moral and legal challenges are complex and must be thoroughly considered, but HA could signal the coming of a new era of strategic advantage with possible implications across the force development spectrum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            HA technologies provides a broad sense of opportunities for today and in the future. There are mature technologies that could be integrated today with manageable policy considerations, such as personalised nutrition, wearables and exoskeletons. There are other technologies in the future with promises of bigger potential such as genetic engineering and brain-computer interfaces. The ethical, moral and legal implications of HA are hard to foresee but early and regular engagement with these issues lie at the heart of success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            HA will become increasingly relevant in the future because it is the binding agent between the unique skills of humans and machines. The winners of future wars will not be those with the most advanced technology, but those who can most effectively integrate the unique skills of both human and machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            The growing significance of human-machine teaming is already widely acknowledged but this has so far been discussed from a technology-centric perspective. This HA project represents the missing part of the puzzle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u00bfLas vacunas antiCOVID ponen en riesgo la inmunidad natural?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            An\u00e1lisis escrito por Tessa Lena<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            • 8 de Diciembre, 2021Descargar PDF<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              La nueva frontera comercial actual es el \u00e1mbito biol\u00f3gico y el cuerpo humano, tambi\u00e9n conocido “el cuerpo como plataforma”. En t\u00e9rminos de mercado, el cuerpo humano tiene el potencial de mercado de un recurso natural. \u00bfSabe c\u00f3mo dicen que los datos son el nuevo petr\u00f3leo? Si los datos son el nuevo petr\u00f3leo, entonces todos somos servidores de datos y podemos esperar que nos traten como si fu\u00e9ramos reservas de petr\u00f3leo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u201cAs\u00ed es como se aplica a la inmunidad natural. Una persona sana con inmunidad natural podr\u00eda ser una persona feliz, pero para un emprendedor biotecnol\u00f3gico de 2021 que ve el cuerpo humano como un mercado a dominar, es un puro insulto. Desde el punto de vista de ese emprendedor, le conviene reemplazar la inmunidad natural predeterminada de los \u00faltimos millones de a\u00f1os con una herramienta completamente artificial que requiere una ‘suscripci\u00f3n’ de por vida (ver ‘variantes’ y ‘refuerzos’).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Conclusi\u00f3n:<\/strong> por desgracia parece que las vacunas antiCOVID podr\u00edan comprometer nuestra inmunidad innata de amplio espectro al menos hasta cierto punto, y desear\u00eda que alguien con conciencia lo hubiera investigado muy a fondo antes de inyectar el producto en miles de millones de cuerpos. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9? Porque a pesar de lo que piensen de nosotros los defensores de la Cuarta Revoluci\u00f3n Industrial, somos seres humanos, no plataformas comerciales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              The Introduction of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Oral Polio Vaccine Among Young Infants in an Urban African Community: A Natural Experiment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              S\u00f8ren Wengel Mogensen, Andreas Andersen, […], and Peter Aaby<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Additional article information<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Associated Data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              Supplementary Materials<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              We examined the introduction of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) in an urban community in Guinea-Bissau in the early 1980s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              The child population had been followed with 3-monthly nutritional weighing sessions since 1978. From June 1981 DTP and OPV were offered from 3 months of age at these sessions. Due to the 3-monthly intervals between sessions, the children were allocated by birthday in a \u2018natural experiment\u2019 to receive vaccinations early or late between 3 and 5 months of age. We included children who were < 6 months of age when vaccinations started and children born until the end of December 1983. We compared mortality between 3 and 5 months of age of DTP-vaccinated and not-yet-DTP-vaccinated children in Cox proportional hazard models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Results<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Among 3\u20135-month-old children, having received DTP (\u00b1 OPV) was associated with a mortality hazard ratio (HR) of 5.00 (95% CI 1.53\u201316.3) compared with not-yet-DTP-vaccinated children. Differences in background factors did not explain the effect. The negative effect was particularly strong for children who had received DTP-only and no OPV (HR = 10.0 (2.61\u201338.6)). All-cause infant mortality after 3 months of age increased after the introduction of these vaccines (HR = 2.12 (1.07\u20134.19)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Conclusion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              DTP was associated with increased mortality; OPV may modify the effect of DTP.Keywords: <\/strong>Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, DTP, Measles vaccine, Non-specific effects of vaccines, Oral polio vaccine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 reprograms both adaptive and innate immune responses<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

               View ORCID ProfileF. Konstantin F\u00f6hse,  View ORCID ProfileB\u00fcsranur Geckin,  View ORCID ProfileGijs J. Overheul,  View ORCID ProfileJosephine van de Maat,  View ORCID ProfileGizem Kilic,  View ORCID ProfileOzlem Bulut, Helga Dijkstra, Heidi Lemmers, S. Andrei Sarlea, Maartje Reijnders,  View ORCID ProfileJacobien Hoogerwerf,  View ORCID ProfileJaap ten Oever, Elles Simonetti,  View ORCID ProfileFrank L. van de Veerdonk,  View ORCID ProfileLeo A.B. Joosten,  View ORCID ProfileBart L. Haagmans, Reinout van Crevel,  View ORCID ProfileYang Li,  View ORCID ProfileRonald P. van Rij,  View ORCID ProfileCorine GeurtsvanKessel,  View ORCID ProfileMarien I. de Jonge,  View ORCID ProfileJorge Dom\u00ednguez-Andr\u00e9s,  View ORCID ProfileMihai G. Neteadoi:<\/strong>  article is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not<\/em> be used to guide clinical practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              • Abstract<\/li>
              • Full Text<\/li>
              • Info\/History<\/li>
              • Metrics<\/li>
              • <\/li>
              • <\/li>
              •  Preview PDF<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                The mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine from Pfizer\/BioNTech was the first registered COVID-19 vaccine and has been shown to be up to 95% effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections. Little is known about the broad effects of the new class of mRNA vaccines, especially whether they have combined effects on innate and adaptive immune responses. Here we confirmed that BNT162b2 vaccination of healthy individuals induced effective humoral and cellular immunity against several SARS-CoV-2 variants. Interestingly, however, the BNT162b2 vaccine also modulated the production of inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells upon stimulation with both specific (SARS-CoV-2) and non-specific (viral, fungal and bacterial) stimuli. The response of innate immune cells to TLR4 and TLR7\/8 ligands was lower after BNT162b2 vaccination, while fungi-induced cytokine responses were stronger. In conclusion, the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine induces complex functional reprogramming of innate immune responses, which should be considered in the development and use of this new class of vaccines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                An mRNA Pioneer Discusses How Her Work Led to the COVID Vaccines<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                Biochemist Katalin Karik\u00f3 and her colleague Drew Weissman were recently awarded a $3-million Breakthrough Prize for their work<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                • By Tanya Lewis on September 15, 2021<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  When foreign mRNA is injected into the body, it causes a strong immune response. But Karik\u00f3 and Weissman figured out a way to how to modify the RNA to make it less inflammatory by substituting one DNA \u201cletter\u201d molecule for another. Next they worked on how to deliver it. After testing many different delivery vehicles, they settled on lipid nanoparticles as the delivery vehicle. These turned out to work incredibly well: the nanoparticles acted as an adjuvant, a substance that enhances the desired immune response to a vaccine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Suppression of RNA recognition by Toll-like receptors: the impact of nucleoside modification and the evolutionary origin of RNA<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  Katalin Karik\u00f3 et al. Immunity. 2005 Aug.Free article DNA and RNA stimulate the mammalian innate immune system through activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). DNA containing methylated CpG motifs, however, is not stimulatory. Selected nucleosides in naturally occurring RNA are also methylated or otherwise modified, but the immunomodulatory effects of these alterations remain untested. We show that RNA signals through human TLR3, TLR7, and TLR8, but incorporation of modified nucleosides m5C, m6A, m5U, s2U, or pseudouridine ablates activity. Dendritic cells (DCs) exposed to such modified RNA express significantly less cytokines and activation markers than those treated with unmodified RNA. DCs and TLR-expressing cells are potently activated by bacterial and mitochondrial RNA, but not by mammalian total RNA, which is abundant in modified nucleosides. We conclude that nucleoside modifications suppress the potential of RNA to activate DCs. The innate immune system may therefore detect RNA lacking nucleoside modification as a means of selectively responding to bacteria or necrotic tissue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Hepatitis C Virus Reactivation Following COVID-19 Vaccination – A Case Report<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  Ruud Lensen et al. Int Med Case Rep J. 2021. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  Purpose: <\/strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection impacted morbidity and mortality during the pandemic of 2020-2021. A number of anti-COVID-19 vaccines have been developed with an unprecedented speed. While these vaccines have good efficacy and are safe, the experience with their use is limited and hence the knowledge of rare side effects. Identifying rare complications is important for future safe use of these vaccines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Materials and methods: <\/strong>Here, we report a case of a 82-year old patient with dementia who was admitted to a nursing home in the Netherlands. After vaccination with COVID-19 vaccination, physical examinations and lab tests were performed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Results: <\/strong>She had a reactivation of hepatitis C infection after vaccination with the mRNA-based Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. This reactivation manifested with jaundice, loss of consciousness, hepatic coma and death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Conclusion: <\/strong>This reactivation of hepatitis C virus after vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID\u201119 vaccine suggests a need for critical consideration of individuals with prior HCV infection and considered for COVID-19 vaccination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Keywords: <\/strong>COVID-19 vaccination; SARS-CoV-2; hepatitis C; virus reactivation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Varicella zoster virus reactivation and mRNA vaccines as a trigger<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  I\u00f1igo Llad\u00f3, MD, Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez-Bern\u00e1ldez, MD, and Pedro Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez, MD, PhD<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Additional article information<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  To the Editor:<\/em> We read with great interest the report by Channa et al,1 \u201cHerpes zoster reactivation after mRNA-1273 (Moderna) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.\u201d Currently, vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is being carried out worldwide. As a consequence, a wide variety of cutaneous adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination are being described.2 Over the course of the last months, a fair number of herpes zoster cases developing after the administration of COVID-19 vaccines have been reported.1, 2, 3, 4, 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is triggered mainly by impaired cell-mediated immunity, whether it be age-related, disease-related, or iatrogenic. Vaccines are not a common trigger for VZV reactivation, and with the exception of VZV reactivation following the VZV vaccine, few cases have been reported. Rodriguez-Jim\u00e9nez et al5 reported 3 cases of herpes zoster following vaccination against hepatitis A, rabies, and influenza, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  To our knowledge, 52 cases of VZV reactivation following the COVID-19 vaccine have been reported to date. Interestingly, only 1 of 52 cases, was secondary to an inactivated vaccine, whereas the rest of them were secondary to mRNA vaccines (ie, Pfizer’s BNT162b2 and Moderna’s mRNA-1273)1 (Table I). The majority of the cases developed after the first dose versus the second dose of the vaccine (35 vs 15, respectively; 2 unknown), and there was no significant sex predominance (22 women vs 20 men; 10 not specified). However, it must be taken into account that some of the series may suffer from a selection bias.Table IReported cases of VZV reactivation after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Surprisingly, most of the patients were middle-aged (ie, in their fifth to sixth decades of life), as someone would expect to observe the highest incidence rates among the oldest patients. Time to the onset of symptoms was highly variable, ranging from 1 to 26 days and showing a median of 6 days. The difference in the time of onset having received the first or the second vaccine dose was not consistent between the series. Lastly, the sample distribution was, overall, highly heterogeneous in terms of comorbidities, past history of herpes zoster, and previous VZV vaccination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  VZV reactivation in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 has been described. The suggested pathogenic mechanism was induced lymphopenia and the functional impairment of lymphocytes, particularly CD8+<\/sup> T cells and natural killer cells. With regard to COVID-19 vaccines, it is postulated that, as a product of a massive shifting of na\u00efve CD8+<\/sup> cells, VZV-specific CD8+<\/sup> cells are not temporarily capable of controlling VZV.4 The question of why VZV reactivation occurs almost exclusively with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines and not with viral vector or inactivated COVID-19 vaccines remains to be answered. We are aware that the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination, particularly with mRNA-based vaccines, and VZV reactivation could be coincidental. Nonetheless, as new evidence continues to emerge, it becomes harder to deny. In our opinion, clinicians should be aware of this possible adverse effect of mRNA vaccines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Article information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Sep; 15: 62\u201363.Published online 2021 Jul 22. doi: 10.1016\/j.jdcr.2021.07.011PMCID: PMC8298014PMID: 34316507I\u00f1igo Llad\u00f3, MD, Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez-Bern\u00e1ldez, MD, and Pedro Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez, MD, PhD\u2217<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  The microwave auditory effect, also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect, consists of the human perception of audible clicks, or even speech, induced by pulsed or modulated radio frequencies. The communications are generated directly inside the human head without the need of any receiving electronic device. The effect was first reported by persons working in … Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n\n

                  \n Sharing is caring<\/span><\/strong> \n <\/i> Share<\/span><\/a>\n <\/i> +1<\/span><\/a>\n <\/i> Tweet<\/span><\/a>\n <\/i> Share<\/span><\/a>\n <\/i> Share<\/span><\/a>\n 5164 words 130 views<\/w>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sin-categoria"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5331"}],"version-history":[{"count":83,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5331\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5510,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5331\/revisions\/5510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}