{"id":6658,"date":"2022-01-21T20:23:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-22T01:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/?p=6658"},"modified":"2022-01-22T09:54:08","modified_gmt":"2022-01-22T14:54:08","slug":"sucharit-bhakdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/2022\/01\/21\/sucharit-bhakdi\/","title":{"rendered":"Sucharit Bhakdi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Satanic Temple to install Sol Invictus holiday display at state Capitol rotunda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sj-r.com\/staff\/9185421002\/andrew-adams\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Andrew Adams<\/a> State Journal-Register The state Capitol rotunda will have a satanic display alongside other religious art for a third year. The&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thesatanictemple.com\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Satanic Temple<\/a>&nbsp;is returning with an art installation to celebrate the \u201csatanic holiday\u201d of Sol Invictus.&nbsp;https:\/\/www.sj-r.com\/story\/news\/state\/2021\/12\/18\/satanic-temple-install-holiday-display-illinois-state-capitol\/8952418002\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">READ Como suplican los antiguos sus necesidades b\u00e1sicas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">READ sistema inmune y adn. Deben las gripes ser tratadas con desparacitarios. En algunos casos si. Con ivermectina<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.doctoralia.co\/edwin-vega-munive\/dermatologo\/cali\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Dr. Edwin Vega Munive<\/a> Dermat\u00f3logo Cali hola, buenas tardes, lo ideal es tomar las 83 gotas de ivermectina sin diluir en agua, preferiblemente ingerirla solas, una dosis en la noche de hoy y posteriormente repetir igual dosis en 15, dias. https:\/\/www.doctoralia.co\/preguntas-respuestas\/buenas-peso-83-kilos-y-tengo-63-anos-para-un-diagnotico-de-escabiosis-debo-tomar-83-got<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/our-team\/-\/profiles\/8002\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/our-team\/-\/profiles\/8002\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Adelaida Sarukhan<\/a>&nbsp;,&nbsp;Redactora cient\u00edfica<a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/healthisglobal?p_p_id=122&amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;p_p_col_pos=1&amp;p_p_col_count=2&amp;p_r_p_564233524_categoryId=185849\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">MALARIA<\/a> Ivermectina: del suelo a las lombrices, y m\u00e1s all\u00e1 21.11.2019 https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/healthisglobal\/-\/custom-blog-portlet\/ivermectina-del-suelo-a-las-lombrices-y-mas-alla\/3098670\/0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 tienen en com\u00fan la penicilina, la aspirina y la ivermectina? Adem\u00e1s de rimar, los tres pertenecen al selecto grupo de f\u00e1rmacos que pueden presumir de haber tenido&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3043740\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">el mayor impacto ben\u00e9fico sobre la salud y bienestar de la humanidad<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tienen por lo menos dos otras cosas en com\u00fan:&nbsp;<strong>los tres son de origen natural y los tres condujeron a un premio Nobel<\/strong>. La aspirina es un derivado de la salicina, un compuesto que se encuentra en una variedad de plantas incluyendo el sauce. Aunque Hip\u00f3crates ya habla de su uso en el 400 BC, no se aisl\u00f3 hasta el 1829 como \u00e1cido salic\u00edlico y se sintetiz\u00f3 unos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde como \u00e1cido acetilsalic\u00edlico. El descubrimiento de sus mecanismos de acci\u00f3n le mereci\u00f3 a Sir John Vane el premio Nobel en 1982. La penicilina se aisl\u00f3 a partir de un hongo que creci\u00f3 por accidente en una placa de Petri en el laboratorio de Alexander Fleming. Su descubrimiento cambi\u00f3 radicalmente el curso de la medicina y le dio a Fleming el premio Nobel en 1945, junto con Howard Florey y Ernst Chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y esto nos trae a la ivermectina \u2013un f\u00e1rmaco que seguramente no forma parte de nuestro botiqu\u00edn, como la aspirina o la penicilina, pero que ciertamente&nbsp;<strong>ha mejorado la vida de millones de personas desde su descubrimiento&nbsp;<\/strong>en 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La historia de c\u00f3mo se descubri\u00f3 la ivermectina es bastante incre\u00edble. A finales de los 60, Satoshi \u014cmura, un microbi\u00f3logo del Instituto Kitasako de Tokyo, empez\u00f3 a coleccionar miles de muestras de suelo de todo Jap\u00f3n, a la b\u00fasqueda de compuestos antibacterianos. Cultivaba bacterias provenientes de las muestras, identificaba los cultivos con potencial m\u00e9dico, y las enviaba a 10.000 km de distancia a los laboratorios Merck en New Jersey, donde su colaborador William Campbell probaba su efecto contra lombrices parasitarias que afectan al ganado y otros animales. Un cultivo proveniente de una muestra recogida cerca de un campo de golf al sur de Tokyo mostr\u00f3 un efecto notable contra las lombrices. La bacteria en el cultivo result\u00f3 ser una nueva especie, que bautizaron como&nbsp;<em>Streptomyces avermictilis<\/em>. El compuesto activo, llamado avermectina, fue modificado qu\u00edmicamente para aumentar su actividad y seguridad. El nuevo compuesto, llamado ivermectina, se comercializ\u00f3 para uso animal en 1981 y pronto se convirti\u00f3 en&nbsp;<strong>uno de los f\u00e1rmacos veterinarios [y humano] m\u00e1s vendidos en el mundo<\/strong>. Es extraordinario que, a pesar de d\u00e9cadas de b\u00fasqueda,&nbsp;<em>S. avermictilis<\/em>&nbsp;siga siendo la \u00fanica fuente de avermectina que se ha encontrado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Myth is Born: How CDC, FDA, and Media Wove a Web of Ivermectin Lies That Outlives The Truth<br>New Mexico officials admit they were wrong: Two people died from covid. NOT from ivermectin. Yet the CDC generated the nation&#8217;s highest health alert and a thousand fake headlines on false cases.<br>Linda Bonvie and Mary Beth Pfeiffer <a href=\"https:\/\/rescue.substack.com\/p\/a-myth-is-born-how-cdc-fda-and-media\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/rescue.substack.com\/p\/a-myth-is-born-how-cdc-fda-and-media<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El&nbsp;<strong>limoneno<\/strong>&nbsp;es una sustancia natural que se extrae del aceite de las c\u00e1scaras de los&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%ADtricos\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">c\u00edtricos<\/a>&nbsp;y que da el olor caracter\u00edstico a los mismos. Pertenece al grupo de los&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terpeno\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">terpenos<\/a>, en concreto a de los&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limonoide\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">limonoides<\/a>, que constituyen una de las m\u00e1s amplias clases de alimentos funcionales y fitonutrientes, funcionando como antioxidantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Posee un&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carbono_asim%C3%A9trico\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">carbono asim\u00e9trico<\/a>&nbsp;como&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estereocentro\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">estereocentro<\/a>. Por tanto, existen dos&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enanti%C3%B3mero\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">is\u00f3meros \u00f3pticos<\/a>: R-limoneno y S-limoneno , el segundo tambi\u00e9n conocido como L-limoneno (antiguamente,&nbsp;<em>dextro<\/em>&nbsp;y&nbsp;<em>levo<\/em>, respectivamente).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odont\u00f3logo colombiano cre\u00f3 un enjuague bucal que asegura que destruye el 99,9% del coronavirus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El producto contiene D-limoneno, una sustancia extra\u00edda de la c\u00e1scara de los c\u00edtricos y CPC (cloruro cetilpiridinio) y esta logra romper la membrana del SARS-CoV-2. 19 de Enero de 2022 El coinventor del enjuague que neutraliza el 99.9% del COVID es colombiano. El odont\u00f3logo y rehabilitador oral, Enrique Jadad Bechara fue una de las personas m\u00e1s importantes en el desarrollo de este enjuague bucal. Foto: Organizaci\u00f3n Dr. Enrique Jadad Bechara https:\/\/www.infobae.com\/america\/colombia\/2022\/01\/19\/odontologo-colombiano-creo-un-enjuague-bucal-que-asegura-que-destruye-el-999-del-coronavirus\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Friedrich von Knauss<\/strong>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/7_de_febrero\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">7 de febrero<\/a>&nbsp;de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1724\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">1724<\/a>, Aldingen en&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ludwigsburg\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ludwigsburg<\/a>\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14_de_agosto\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">14 de agosto<\/a>&nbsp;de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1789\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">1789<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viena\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Viena<\/a>) fue relojero e&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inventor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">inventor<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alemania\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">alem\u00e1n<\/a>&nbsp;que construy\u00f3 mecanismos de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relojer%C3%ADa\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">relojer\u00eda<\/a>&nbsp;capaces, de manera elemental, de tocar instrumentos musicales,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_mano_que_escribe\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">escribir frases cortas<\/a>&nbsp;o realizar otras tareas individuales especializadas. Su padre, Ludwig Knauss, tambi\u00e9n fue relojero. Friedrich tuvo un hermano, Ludwig Johann, cuyo a\u00f1o de nacimiento se supone debe haber sido 1715 o 1716.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The writing hand<\/strong>&nbsp;is a mechanical&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Automaton\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">automaton<\/a>&nbsp;created by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friedrich_von_Knauss\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Friedrich von Knauss<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1764\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">1764<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_writing_hand#cite_note-TMW-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_writing_hand#cite_note-Voskuhl2013-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;A clockwork mechanism moves a hand which dips a pen into an inkstand and writes the phrase&nbsp;<em>&#8220;Huic Domui Deus \/ Nec metas rerum \/ Nec tempora ponat&#8221;<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;May God not impose ends or deadlines on this house&#8221;) on a small card.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_writing_hand#cite_note-HuhtamoParikka2011-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;On the silver-coating of the mechanism are the words&nbsp;<em>&#8220;Pro patria&#8221;<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Moritsch, Otmar.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.technischesmuseum.at\/object\/all-writing-miraculous-machine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;All-writing miraculous machine: writing apparatus&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Technisches_Museum_Wien\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Technisches Museum Wien<\/a><\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;6 June&nbsp;2016.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_writing_hand#cite_ref-Voskuhl2013_2-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Adelheid Voskuhl (31 May 2013).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=tcw2dd3uTl0C&amp;pg=PA31\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Androids in the Enlightenment: Mechanics, Artisans, and Cultures of the Self<\/em><\/a>. University of Chicago Press. pp.&nbsp;31\u20132.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-226-03402-7\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><bdi>978-0-226-03402-7<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_writing_hand#cite_ref-HuhtamoParikka2011_3-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Erkki Huhtamo; Jussi Parikka (16 June 2011).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=aSlQ8z1uslwC&amp;pg=PT84\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications<\/em><\/a>. University of California Press. p.&nbsp;84.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-520-94851-8\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><bdi>978-0-520-94851-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aut\u00f3mata<\/strong>&nbsp;(del&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lat%C3%ADn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">lat\u00edn<\/a><em>autom\u0103ta<\/em>&nbsp;y este del griego \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2&nbsp;<em>aut\u00f3matos<\/em>, \u2018espont\u00e1neo\u2019 o \u2018con movimiento propio\u2019. Seg\u00fan la&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">RAE<\/a>, \u00abm\u00e1quina que imita la figura y los movimientos de un ser animado\u00bb)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aut%C3%B3mata_(mec%C3%A1nico)#cite_note-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u200b es un equivalente tecnol\u00f3gico de lo que en la actualidad ser\u00edan los&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robot_aut%C3%B3nomo\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">robots aut\u00f3nomos<\/a>. Si el robot es&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antropomorfismo\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">antropomorfo<\/a>&nbsp;se conoce como&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Androide\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">androide<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aut%C3%B3mata_(mec%C3%A1nico)#cite_note-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/buscon.rae.es\/drae\/srv\/search?id=zpWbOiFMYDXX2npWwz9P\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u00abAut\u00f3mata, Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola\u00bb<\/a>.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aut%C3%B3mata_(mec%C3%A1nico)#cite_ref-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u2191<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wordreference.com\/definicion\/androide\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u00abAndroide, Diccionario Wordreference\u00bb<\/a>. Consultado el 21 de septiembre de 2015.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">REVIEW Hist\u00f3ricamente los primeros aut\u00f3matas se remontan a la&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prehistoria\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">prehistoria<\/a>, cuando las estatuas de algunos de dioses o reyes desped\u00edan fuego de los ojos, como era el caso de una estatua de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osiris\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Osiris<\/a>. Otras ten\u00edan brazos mec\u00e1nicos operados por los sacerdotes del templo, y otras, como la de Memon de Etiop\u00eda, emit\u00edan sonidos cuando los rayos del sol las iluminaba, y as\u00ed infund\u00edan temor y respeto a quien las contemplara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta finalidad religiosa de los aut\u00f3matas continu\u00f3 hasta la&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grecia\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Grecia<\/a>&nbsp;cl\u00e1sica, en la que se hicieron estatuas que se mov\u00edan con energ\u00eda hidr\u00e1ulica. Esos nuevos conocimientos quedan plasmados en el primer libro sobre la figura de los robots&nbsp;<em>Aut\u00f3mata,<\/em>&nbsp;escrito por&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Her%C3%B3n_de_Alejandr%C3%ADa\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Her\u00f3n de Alejandr\u00eda<\/a>&nbsp;(10&nbsp;d.&nbsp;C.-70&nbsp;d.&nbsp;C.) donde se explica la creaci\u00f3n de mecanismos, muchos basados en los principios de Fil\u00f3n o&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arqu%C3%ADmedes\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Arqu\u00edmedes<\/a>, realizados fundamentalmente como entretenimiento y que imitaban el movimiento, como el de aves que gorjeaban, volaban y beb\u00edan, estatuas que serv\u00edan vino o puertas autom\u00e1ticas, todos producidos por el movimiento del agua, la gravedad o por sistemas de palancas. Tambi\u00e9n cabe destacar su \u201cThe Automaton Theatre\u201d, sobre su teatro de marionetas mec\u00e1nicas que representaban la&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guerra_de_Troya\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Guerra de Troya<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aunque Her\u00f3n es el primero en recopilar datos sobre los aut\u00f3matas, otros anteriores a \u00e9l realizaron aportaciones, como es el caso de Archytas (428&nbsp;a.&nbsp;C.-347&nbsp;a.&nbsp;C.), inventor del tornillo y la polea y famoso por su paloma mec\u00e1nica capaz de volar gracias a vapor de aire en propulsi\u00f3n. O el terrible sistema descrito por&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polibio\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Polibio<\/a>&nbsp;(200&nbsp;a.&nbsp;C.-118&nbsp;a.&nbsp;C.) y utilizado por&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nabis_de_Esparta\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Nabis<\/a>, tirano de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esparta\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Esparta<\/a>, que consist\u00eda en un artilugio con forma de mujer con clavos en su pecho y brazos y que abrazaba mortalmente a todo aquel que incumpl\u00eda sus pagos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">READ Karana Mudra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vitarkamudra en pintura mural en&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bezeklik\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Bezeklik<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuenca_del_Tarim\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Cuenca del Tarim<\/a>, siglo IX.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The earliest known manual alphabet, described by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benedictine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Benedictine<\/a>&nbsp;monk&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bede\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Bede<\/a>&nbsp;in 8th century&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northumbria\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Northumbria<\/a>, did just that.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fingerspelling#cite_note-14\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[14]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;While the usual purpose of the Latin and Greek finger alphabets described by Bede is unknown, they were unlikely to have been used by deaf people for communication \u2014 even though Bede lost his own hearing later in life. Historian Lois Bragg concludes that these alphabets were &#8220;only a bookish game.&#8221;<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fingerspelling#cite_note-15\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bede\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Bede<\/a>. (AD 710).&nbsp;<em>De Computo vel Loguela per Gestum Digitorum<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;Of counting or speaking with the fingers&#8221;), preface to&nbsp;<em>De temporum ratione<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;On the reckoning of time&#8221;). Illustrated in AD 1140, National Library, Madrid.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fingerspelling#cite_ref-15\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Bragg, Lois (1997).&nbsp;<em>Visual-Kinetic Communication in Europe Before 1600: A Survey of Sign Lexicons and Finger Alphabets Prior to the Rise of Deaf Education<\/em>. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 2:1 Winter 1997<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Yes sound wave can travel longitudinally<\/strong>&nbsp;in plasma state of matter. Plasma state is basically electron breaking stage at very high temperature so it&#8217;s still a gas through which light and sound wave can travel. &#8230; Yes sound wave do propagate through this.22 nov 2018<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/abudinen.com\/14a8dbfe-0f8d-4d7f-b7a8-84d0149bd17d\" alt=\"\">https:\/\/www.topperlearning.com&nbsp;\u203a s&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.topperlearning.com\/answer\/sound-can-travel-in-solid-air-and-gas-but-can-it-travel-in-plasma-and-bose-einstein-condensate%20\/leij2fzz#:~:text=Yes%20sound%20wave%20can%20travel,and%20sound%20wave%20can%20travel.&amp;text=Yes%20sound%20wave%20do%20propagate%20through%20this.\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">sound can travel in solid air and gas but can it travel in plasma and bose &#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unen pensamientos para justificar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sucharit Bhakdi<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15 \u0e20\u0e31\u0e01\u0e14\u0e35 [sut\u031a\u02e8\u02e9.t\u0361\u0255a\u02e8\u02e9.rit\u031a\u02e8\u02e9 p\u02b0ak\u031a\u02e6\u02e5.di\u02d0\u02e7]; born Sucharit Punyaratabandhu, \u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e13\u0e22\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e18\u0e38\u0e4c, 1 November 1946, in Washington, D.C.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[he claimed] that the pandemic was &#8220;fake&#8221; and that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">COVID-19 vaccines<\/a>&nbsp;were going to decimate the world&#8217;s population.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-antivax-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-spiegel-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Muriel Kalisch; Patrick Stotz (21 May 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/netzwelt\/web\/corona-verschwoerungstheorien-und-die-akteure-dahinter-bill-gates-impfzwang-und-co-a-2e9a0e78-4375-4dbd-815f-54571750d32d\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Hinter der Verschw\u00f6rung&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Behind the plot].&nbsp;<em>Der Spiegel<\/em>&nbsp;(in German).<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-antivax_3-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-antivax_3-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Daniel Funke (30 April 2021).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eu.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/factcheck\/2021\/04\/30\/fact-check-covid-19-vaccines-dont-cause-death-wont-depopulate-planet\/7411271002\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Fact check: COVID-19 vaccines don&#8217;t cause death, won&#8217;t decimate world&#8217;s population&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>USA Today<\/em>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhakdi&#8217;s parents are Thai diplomats.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-7\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[7]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;In an interview, Bhakdi stated that his mother studied at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-Weltwoche-8\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhakdi studied at the Universities of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Bonn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Bonn<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Giessen\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gie\u00dfen<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Mainz\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Mainz<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Copenhagen\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Copenhagen<\/a>, and at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Immunobiology_and_Epigenetics\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology<\/a>&nbsp;in Freiburg.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-CV-4\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He studied medicine at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Bonn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">University of Bonn<\/a>&nbsp;from 1963 to 1970, during part of which (from 1966 to 1970) he was a scholarship holder of the German Academic Exchange Service.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-DAAD-9\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Bhakdi worked for a while as a private assistant to the internal medicine specialist&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Walter_Siegenthaler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Walter Siegenthaler<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walter_Siegenthaler\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>].<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-Weltwoche-8\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[8]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;In February 1971 he received his doctorate in medicine. From 1972 to 1978, he studied at the Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology in Freiburg on scholarships from the Max Planck Society at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology in Freiburg and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_von_Humboldt_Foundation\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Alexander von Humboldt Foundation<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-CV-4\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He worked at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Copenhagen\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">University of Copenhagen<\/a>&nbsp;for a year before moving to the Institute of Medical Microbiology at the Justus Liebig University in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Giessen\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gie\u00dfen<\/a>, where he worked from 1977 to 1990. In July 1979 he&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Habilitation\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">habilitated<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/studylibde.com\/doc\/2013845\/sucharit-bhakdi--punyarataband-\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Sucharit Bhakdi (Punyarataband) Lebenslauf&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[curriculum vitae].&nbsp;<em>studylibde.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;11 October&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-dis_5-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-dis_5-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.swr.de\/swraktuell\/rheinland-pfalz\/mainz\/bhakdi-universitaet-mainz-corona-100.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Universit\u00e4t distanziert sich von Corona-Kritiker Bhakdi<\/a>&nbsp;(<em>tr. &#8220;University distances itself from Corona critic Bhakdi&#8221;<\/em>) 2 November 2020&nbsp;<em>www.swr.de<\/em>&nbsp;Accessed 4 December 2020<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Algemeiner_2021_6-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Algemeiner_2021_6-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Algemeiner, The (16 July 2021).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.algemeiner.com\/2021\/07\/16\/jews-learned-evil-from-nazis-leading-covid-19-conspiracy-theorist-in-germany-loses-publisher-over-antisemitic-comments\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Jews &#8216;Learned Evil&#8217; From Nazis: Leading COVID-19 Conspiracy Theorist in Germany Loses Publisher Over Antisemitic Comments&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Algemeiner.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;26 July&nbsp;2021.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-7\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goldegg-verlag.com\/beteiligte\/bhakdi-sucharit\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Sucharit Bhakdi]&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>goldegg-verlag.com, Goldegg Verlag<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;28 March&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Weltwoche_8-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Weltwoche_8-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weltwoche.ch\/ausgaben\/2020-19\/wirtschaft-wissenschaft\/gefahrliche-verfuhrungen-die-weltwoche-ausgabe-19-2020.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Weltwoche: &#8220;Gef\u00e4hrliche Verf\u00fchrungen&#8221;&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Dangerous seductions].&nbsp;<em>www.weltwoche.ch<\/em>. 6 May 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;14 May&nbsp;2020.&nbsp;<q>His mother, who had studied at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, inspired him early in medicine. \u00abShe was an excellent doctor,\u00bb says Bhakdi.<\/q><\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-DAAD_9-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-DAAD_9-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-DAAD_9-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20061223235950\/http:\/\/www.daad.de\/alumni\/de\/adm\/adm_2006_03.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Gestern Stipendiatin \u2013 und heute? Sucharit Bhakdi \u2013 Leiter des Instituts f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Yesterday scholarship holder &#8211; and today? Sucharit Bhakdi &#8211; Head of the Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.].&nbsp;<em>DAAD, March 2006 (archive)<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;2 December&nbsp;2021.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhakdi was appointed C2 professor at Gie\u00dfen in 1982. He spent a further year in Copenhagen and became C3 professor of medical microbiology (at Gie\u00dfen again) in 1987 before being appointed to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Mainz\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">University of Mainz<\/a>&nbsp;in 1990. From 1991 he headed the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene as a C4 professor.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-CV-4\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhakdi retired on 1 April 2012.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-10\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[10]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Since 2016 he has been a visiting scholar at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Kiel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">University of Kiel<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-11\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[11]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-WR-12\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[12]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-13\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prior to his retirement, Bhakdi produced scientific work in the fields of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacteriology\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">bacteriology<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atherosclerosis\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">atherosclerosis<\/a>, and published multiple scientific articles in these areas.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-scopus-14\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Research career<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The immune system<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From 1972, Bhakdi researched the functioning of the body&#8217;s non-specific defenses at the Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology in Freiburg. He contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms with which the large molecules of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Complement_system\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">complement system<\/a>&nbsp;in the blood render exogenous substances harmless.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-DAAD-9\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;In 1978 Bhakdi discovered a protein that attacks and damages cells by sinking into the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cell_membrane\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">cell membrane<\/a>, resulting in the formation of a pore (see&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Membrane_attack_complex\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">membrane attack complex<\/a>).<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-15\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[15]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;This was the enforcer molecule of the complement system, which is formed on the surface of foreign cells as a result of a chain reaction involving the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Immune_system\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">immune system<\/a>. This was followed by the discovery that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacteria\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">bacteria<\/a>, in turn, can also produce pore-forming proteins.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-16\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[16]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Today it is known that the vast majority of pathogenic bacteria produce pore formers that damage host cells. In 1984 the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Society\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Royal Society<\/a>&nbsp;in London invited Bhakdi to present the concept of cell membrane damage by pore formers.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-17\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[17]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;From then on, Bhakdi concentrated on research on this topic.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-18\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[18]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Atherosclerosis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investigation of the complement system led Bhakdi to the area of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atherosclerosis\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">atherosclerosis<\/a>. In 1989 he discovered through animal experiments that the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Complement_component_5\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">complement component 5<\/a>&nbsp;is activated in the vessel walls where&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Low_density_lipoprotein\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">low density lipoprotein<\/a>&nbsp;(LDL) is deposited.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-19\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[19]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to current understanding, atherosclerosis is a polygenic disease caused by a complex interplay of several environmental and genetic factors, especially&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cholesterol\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">cholesterol<\/a>. This is transported in the blood via LDL and absorbed by the cells that need it via cellular receptors. However, it can accumulate in the blood vessel walls during transport and oxidize there or even beforehand. This attracts&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monocyte\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">monocytes<\/a>, which take up the oxidized LDL and turn into &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foam_cell\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">foam cells<\/a>&#8220;. These then trigger chronic inflammatory reactions that damage the vascular wall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1998, Bhakdi and his team of colleagues put forward the &#8220;Mainz hypothesis&#8221; that atherosclerosis is only caused monocausally by the lack of removal of LDL.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-AVHaE-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[20]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;According to Bhakdi&#8217;s hypothesis, LDL is generally not oxidized, but cholesterol is also absorbed by monocytes and foam cells are formed. However, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High_density_lipoprotein\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">high density lipoprotein<\/a>&nbsp;(HDL) can remove cholesterol again. If, however, a certain amount of LDL accumulates locally on the vascular wall and cannot be removed, part of the immune system causes inflammatory reactions that lead to atherosclerosis. In this way, early-stage atherosclerosis could be reversed if the LDL blood level (and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blood_pressure\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">blood pressure<\/a>) was lowered and the HDL level increased.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-21\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[21]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Bhakdi&#8217;s hypothesis, however, is not reflected in current opinion.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-AVHaE-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[20]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Memberships and functions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Member of the Collaborative Research Centres of the German Research Foundation &#8220;Proteins as Tools in Biology&#8221; at the University of Giessen (1987-1990),<\/li><li>Deputy Spokesperson of the Collaborative Research Center &#8220;Immunopathogenesis&#8221; (1990-1999)<\/li><li>Spokesperson of the Collaborative Research Center &#8220;490 Infection and Persistence in Infections&#8221; in Mainz (2000-2011).<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-DAAD-9\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Co-founder and board member of the Association of Physicians and Scientists for Health, Freedom and Democracy, which was founded in May 2020 and lost its non-profit status in October 2020.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-22\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[22]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The purpose of the association is to take action against the German government\u2019s measures to contain the corona pandemic.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-WR-12\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In autumn 2020 he was one of the first signatories of the &#8220;appeal for free debating spaces&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Appell_f%C3%BCr_freie_Debattenr%C3%A4ume&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Appell f\u00fcr freie Debattenr\u00e4ume<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Appell_f%C3%BCr_freie_Debattenr%C3%A4ume\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>], a German adaptation of the project &#8220;A Letter on Justice and Open Debate&#8221; by the American&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Chatterton_Williams\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Thomas C. Williams<\/a>, which was previously launched in the USA.).<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-23\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[23]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He was Editor in Chief of&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_Microbiology_and_Immunology\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Medical Microbiology and Immunology<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;from 1990 to 2012.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-24\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[24]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304054139\/http:\/\/www.unimedizin-mainz.de\/fileadmin\/kliniken\/gleichstellung\/EHMP\/UMSicht_17_low_doppel.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Neu bei uns. (PDF)&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[New to us]&nbsp;(PDF).&nbsp;<em>www.unimedizin-mainz.de<\/em>. September 2013. p.&nbsp;18. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unimedizin-mainz.de\/fileadmin\/kliniken\/gleichstellung\/EHMP\/UMSicht_17_low_doppel.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;on 4 March 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;15 October&nbsp;2014.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-11\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de\/meinungen-am-rande-des-mainstreams\/seite\/2\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Meinungen am Rande des Mainstreams&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Opinions on the margins of the mainstream Pharmazeutische Zeitung].&nbsp;<em>www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de<\/em>. 30 March 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;9 August&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-WR_12-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-WR_12-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Rohwedder, Wulf (10 August 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tagesschau.de\/faktenfinder\/mwgfd-101.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Zweierlei Ma\u00df bei &#8220;Corona-Rebellen&#8221;&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Double standards in Corona rebels&#8221;].&nbsp;<em>tagesschau.de<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;26 August&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-13\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Schwenke, Karen (8 August 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kn-online.de\/Kiel\/Spiegel-Bestseller-Corona-Fehlalarm-Interview-mit-Prof.-Karina-Reiss-und-Prof.-Sucharit-Bhakdi\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;&#8221;Wir wollen zum Denken anregen&#8221; \u2013 Zwei Kieler Forscher stellen sich gegen alle anerkannten Corona-Experten. Ihr Buch ist ein Bestseller (Paywall)&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[&#8220;We want to inspire people to think&#8221; &#8211; Two Kiel researchers stand against all recognized Corona experts. Their book is a bestseller<em>&nbsp;(Interview in den Kieler Nachrichten)].<\/em><em><\/em><\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-scopus_14-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scopus.com\/authid\/detail.uri?authorId=7102467285\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Scopus preview &#8211; Bhakdi, Sucharit &#8211; Author details &#8211; Scopus&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>www.scopus.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;14 November&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-15\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>S. Bhakdi, J. Tranum-Jensen: Molecular nature of the complement lesion. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Band 75, Nr. 11, November 1978, ISSN 0027-8424, S. 5655\u20135659, DOI 10.1073\/pnas.75.11.5655, PMID 281714<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-16\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>R. F\u00fcssle, S. Bhakdi, A. Sziegoleit, J. Tranum-Jensen, T. Kranz: On the mechanism of membrane damage by Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin. In: The Journal of Cell Biology, Band 91, Nr. 1, Oktober 1981, ISSN 0021-9525, S. 83\u201394, DOI 10.1083\/jcb.91.1.83, PMC 2111936, PMID 6271794<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-17\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>S. Bhakdi, J. Tranum-Jensen, C. A. Pasternak, K. J. Micklem, Rodney Robert Porter: Mechanism of complement cytolysis and the concept of channel-forming proteins. In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, Band 306, Nr. 1129, 6. September 1984, S. 311\u2013324, DOI 10.1098\/rstb.1984.0092<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-18\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>S. Bhakdi, J. Tranum-Jensen: Damage to mammalian cells by proteins that form transmembrane pores. In: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Band 107, 1987, ISSN 0303-4240, S. 147\u2013223, DOI 10.1007\/bfb0027646, PMID 3303271<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-19\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>P. S. Seifert, F. Hugo, G. K. Hansson, S. Bhakdi: Perilesional complement activation in experimental atherosclerosis. Terminal C5b-9 complement deposition coincides with cholesterol accumulation in the aortic intima of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In: Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Band 60, Nr. 6, Juni 1989, ISSN 0023-6837, S. 747\u2013754, PMID 2659887<\/em>.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-AVHaE_20-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-AVHaE_20-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de\/ausgabe-072010\/pharmacon-davos-2010\/verschiedene-hypothesen-aehnliche-empfehlungen\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Atherosklerose: Verschiedene Hypothesen, \u00e4hnliche Empfehlungen&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Atherosclerosis: Different hypotheses, similar recommendations].&nbsp;<em>Pharmazeutische Zeitung<\/em>. 16 February 2010. Retrieved&nbsp;2 December&nbsp;2021.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-21\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Uhl, Doris (4 February 2010).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de\/daz-az\/2010\/daz-5-2010\/die-atherosklerose-ist-eine-besiegte-krankheit\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;\u201eDie Atherosklerose ist eine besiegte Krankheit!&#8221;&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Atherosclerosis is a defeated disease!].&nbsp;<em>Deutsche Apothekerzeitung<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;2 December&nbsp;2021.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-22\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Lars Wienand:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.t-online.de\/-\/88792624\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Corona-Verein von Sucharit Bhakdi verliert Gemeinn\u00fctzigkeit<\/a>&nbsp;(<em>tr. &#8220;Corona Association of Sucharit Bhakdi loses non-profit&#8221;<\/em>)&nbsp;<em>www.t-online.de<\/em>&nbsp;accessed 5 November 2020<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-23\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/idw-europe.org\/liste-der-unterzeichner\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Erstunterzeichner&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[&#8220;First signatory&#8221;].&nbsp;<em>idw-europe.org<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;8 October&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-24\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/430\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Springer&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>www.springer.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;20 October&nbsp;2020.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1979&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Justus_Liebig_University_Giessen_Prize&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Justus Liebig University Giessen Prize<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-ukgm-58\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[58]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1980&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Konstanz_Medicine_Prize&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Konstanz Medicine Prize<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-ukgm-58\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[58]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1987&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Preis_der_Deutschen_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Hygiene_und_Mikrobiologie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">German Society for Microbiology Prize<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Preis_der_Deutschen_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Hygiene_und_Mikrobiologie\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>]<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-59\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[59]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1988&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Dr._Friedrich_Sasse_Prize&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Dr. Friedrich Sasse Prize<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-ukgm-58\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[58]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1989&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Ludwig_Schunk_Prize_for_Medicine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ludwig Schunk Prize for Medicine<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-ukgm-58\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[58]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1989&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Robert-Koch-F%C3%B6rderpreis_of_Clausthal-Zellerfeld&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Robert-Koch-F\u00f6rderpreis of Clausthal-Zellerfeld<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-60\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[60]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>1991&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gay-Lussac_Humboldt_Prize\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gay-Lussac Humboldt Prize<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-61\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[61]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>2001&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aronson_Prize\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Aronson Prize<\/a>&nbsp;for \u201ewegweisende Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet des Komplementsystems und bakterieller Toxine\u201c&nbsp;<em>tr. &#8220;pioneering work in the field of the complement system and bacterial toxins&#8221;<\/em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-62\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[62]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-63\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[63]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>2005&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=H._W._Hauss_Award&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">H. W. Hauss Award<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-64\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[64]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>2005&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Order_of_Merit_of_Rhineland-Palatinate\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Verdienstorden des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-OMRP-65\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[65]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>2009&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Rudolf-Sch%C3%B6nheimer_Medal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Rudolf-Sch\u00f6nheimer Medal<\/a>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Deutsche_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Arterioskleroseforschung&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">German Society for Arteriosclerosis Research<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsche_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Arterioskleroseforschung\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>]<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-66\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[66]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-67\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[67]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukgm.de\/ugm_2\/deu\/ugi_mik\/13562.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Institutsgeschichte Geschichte des Institutes f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie in Gie\u00dfen (bis zum Jahr 2000)<\/a>&nbsp;<em>tr. History of the Institute History of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Gie\u00dfen (until 2000)<\/em>&nbsp;<em>www.ukgm.de<\/em>, accessed 25 November 2020<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-59\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dghm.org\/startseite\/dghm-stiftung\/voraussetzungen-und-ehemalige-preistraeger-innen\/hauptpreis\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hauptpreis. Preistr\u00e4gerInnen<\/a>&nbsp;<em>tr. Main Prize. Prize winners<\/em>&nbsp;<em>www.dghm.org<\/em>, accessed 25 November 2020<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-60\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.robert-koch-stiftung.de\/index.php?article_id=19&amp;clang=0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">F\u00f6rderpreis der Stadt Clausthal-Zellerfeld<\/a>&nbsp;<em>www.robert-koch-stiftung.de<\/em>, accessed 25 November 2020<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-61\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/media.education.gouv.fr\/file\/Brochures\/77\/6\/listelaureatsall12-2_25776.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Liste der Preistr\u00e4ger des Gay-Lussac-Humboldt-Preis<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF; 82&nbsp;kB)<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-62\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uni-protokolle.de\/nachrichten\/id\/9963\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Mainzer Universit\u00e4tsprofessor Sucharit Bhakdi wird mit dem Aronson-Preis 2001 ausgezeichnet&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Mainz university professor Sucharit Bhakdi is awarded the Aronson Prize 2001].&nbsp;<em>www.uni-protokolle.de<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-63\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Petra Giegerich (29 November 2002).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/idw-online.de\/de\/news?id=56598\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Mainzer Universit\u00e4tsprofessor Sucharit Bhakdi wird mit dem Aronson-Preis 2001 ausgezeichnet&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(in German).<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-64\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304061950\/http:\/\/www.uni-mainz.de\/Organisationen\/ICE\/people\/bhakdi.htm\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Sucharit Bhakdi, M.D.&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;<em>Universit\u00e4t Mainz<\/em>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uni-mainz.de\/Organisationen\/ICE\/people\/bhakdi.htm\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 4 March 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;15 October&nbsp;2014.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-OMRP_65-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chelseagreen.com\/writer\/sucharit-bhakdi-md\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Sucharit Bhakdi MD&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>chelsea green<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;19 November&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-66\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz (20 April 2009).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unimedizin-mainz.de\/presse\/pressemitteilungen\/aktuellemitteilungen\/newsdetail\/article\/mainzer-mediziner-bhakdi-fuer-hypothese-zur-entstehung-von-atherosklerose-ausgezeichnet.html?type=98\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Mainzer Mediziner Bhakdi f\u00fcr Hypothese zur Entstehung von Atherosklerose ausgezeichnet&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Mainz physician Bhakdi honored for hypothesis on the development of atherosclerosis]. Retrieved&nbsp;16 April&nbsp;2018.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-67\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsches_%C3%84rzteblatt\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/65123\/Namen-und-Nachrichten\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Namen und Nachrichten<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;[<em>Names and messages<\/em>]. Retrieved&nbsp;16 April&nbsp;2018.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bhakdi started a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>&nbsp;channel proposing that the number of deaths stemming from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">SARS-CoV-2<\/a>&nbsp;infection had been overstated. In November 2020 his account was terminated for violating YouTube&#8217;s community guidelines.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-25\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[25]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;One of his first videos was published 18 March 2020; it&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Went_viral\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">went viral<\/a>, with 300,000 views by 23 March.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-Metzger_2020-26\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[26]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;In the video, he predicted the worst &#8220;horror scenario&#8221; would be a million infections and 30 deaths a day in Germany, and that death rates in Northern Italy and China were higher only because of high&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_pollution\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">air pollution<\/a>&nbsp;there (even though Germany typically has more deaths due to pollution than Italy).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhakdi has made a number of <s>false<\/s> statements about the&nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic, saying that the pandemic is a &#8220;fake&#8221;, that face masks and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quarantine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">quarantines<\/a>&nbsp;are &#8220;nonsense&#8221; and that the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">COVID-19 vaccines<\/a>&nbsp;are deadly and will decimate the global population.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-antivax-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He has been otherwise criticised for his theses on the COVID-19 pandemic; according to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Medical_Tribune&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Medical Tribune<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_Tribune\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>], they are considered unscientific by a majority of experts.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-27\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[27]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bhakdi&#8217;s criticisms of the COVID-19 pandemic response<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">His criticisms of states&#8217; (most particularly&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Germany&#8217;s<\/a>) reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic have included:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Writing an open Letter in March 2020 to German Chancellor Dr. Angela Merkel regarding the &#8220;socio-economic consequences of the drastic containment measures which are currently being applied in large parts of Europe&#8221;<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-Stumpfe_2020-28\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Posting videos on YouTube claiming, for example, that the government was overreacting because the virus posed no more threat than&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Influenza\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">influenza<\/a>, and that any&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">COVID-19 vaccine<\/a>&nbsp;would be &#8220;pointless&#8221;.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-correct-29\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[29]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Participation in May 2020 in the writing of a &#8220;position paper of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Ministry_of_the_Interior,_Building_and_Community\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">BMI<\/a>&#8221; by an employee of the German crisis management department.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-30\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[30]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-31\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[31]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-32\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[32]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The Federal Ministry distanced itself from the position, calling the paper a &#8220;private opinion&#8221; circulating on official letterhead, and released the chief government councilor Stephan Kohn from duty.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-33\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>He is the co-author of&nbsp;<em>Corona, False Alarm? Facts and Figures<\/em>&nbsp;(2020), German: (&#8216;<em>Corona Fehlalarm<\/em>?&#8217;)&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-99060-191-4\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">978-3-99060-191-4<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-:0-34\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[34]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-35\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[35]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Corona Unmasked. Neue Daten, Zahlen, Hintergr\u00fcnde<\/em>. (Goldegg, Berlin\/Wien 2021,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-99060-231-7\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">978-3-99060-231-7<\/a>. An earlier book of his was published in 2016,&nbsp;<em>Schreckgespenst Infektionen \u2013 Mythen, Wahn und Wirklichkeit<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>tr. &#8220;Bogeyman Infections &#8211; Myths, Delusions and Reality&#8221;<\/em>)&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-903090-66-8\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">978-3-903090-66-8<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-36\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[36]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;He published these books together with his wife,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Karina_Reiss&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Karina Reiss<\/a>&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karina_Reiss\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">de<\/a>], a biologist and biochemist at the Quincke Research Center,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christian-Albrechts-Universit%C3%A4t_zu_Kiel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-37\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[37]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Describing Germany in December 2020 as a &#8220;health dictatorship&#8221;, saying he wanted to emigrate to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Thailand<\/a>&nbsp;because of this.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_note-Volksverpetzer_2021_dictatorship-38\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[38]<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Schmerer, Kai (28 November 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.de\/88390137\/covid-19-youtube-sperrt-zahlreiche-videos-und-konten-von-regierungskritikern\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;COVID-19: Youtube sperrt zahlreiche Videos und Konten von Regierungskritikern&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[COVID-19: YouTube blocks numerous videos and accounts of government critics].&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ZDNet\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ZDNet<\/a>. Retrieved&nbsp;4 December&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Metzger_2020_26-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Metzger_2020_26-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Metzger_2020_26-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Metzger, Nils (23 March 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdf.de\/uri\/67c27d4c-c406-49e9-8590-7013e9067c7b\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Corona-Faktencheck: Warum Sucharit Bhakdis Zahlen falsch sind&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Startseite &#8211; ZDFmediathek<\/em>&nbsp;(in German). Retrieved&nbsp;27 September&nbsp;2021.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-27\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.medical-tribune.de\/meinung-und-dialog\/artikel\/wenn-aerzte-von-der-coronakrise-als-einer-kriminellen-inszenierung-sprechen\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Wenn \u00c4rzte von der Coronakrise als einer \u201ekriminellen Inszenierung&#8221; sprechen&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[When doctors speak of the corona crisis as a &#8220;criminal act&#8221;].&nbsp;<em>www.medical-tribune.de<\/em>. 22 July 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;7 October&nbsp;2020.&nbsp;<q>Die Thesen von Prof. Bhakdi, emeritierter Professor f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie der Uni Mainz, werden von der \u00fcbergro\u00dfen Mehrheit der Experten unwissenschaftlich genannt, denen des ehemaligen Lungenfacharztes Dr. Wodarg wird gleicherma\u00dfen widersprochen.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>tr. &#8220;The Theses of Prof. Bhakdi, professor emeritus of microbiology at the University of Mainz, is called unscientific by the vast majority of experts, those of the former lung specialist Dr. Wodarg are equally contradicted.<\/em><\/q><em><\/em><\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Stumpfe_2020_28-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Stumpfe_2020_28-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Stumpfe, Miriam (3 April 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.br.de\/nachrichten\/wissen\/bhakdis-brief-an-die-kanzlerin-was-ist-dran-an-seinen-fragen,RutYDhd\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Bhakdis Brief an die Kanzlerin \u2013 Was ist dran an seinen Fragen?&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>BR24<\/em>&nbsp;(in German). Retrieved&nbsp;27 September&nbsp;2021.<\/li><li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-correct_29-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-correct_29-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-correct_29-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Kathrin Wesolowski (19 June 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/faktencheck\/2020\/06\/19\/impfung-gegen-covid-19-sinnlos-sucharit-bhakdi-stellt-unbelegte-behauptungen-auf\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Impfung gegen Covid-19 &#8220;sinnlos&#8221;? Sucharit Bhakdi stellt unbelegte Behauptungen auf&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Vaccination against Covid-19 &#8220;pointless&#8221;? Sucharit Bhakdi makes unfounded claims].&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Correctiv\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Correctiv<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;(Fact check) (in German).<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-30\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Julia Sextl (13 May 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de\/inhalt.mitarbeiter-des-bmi-suspendiert-brisantes-corona-papier-war-das-alles-richtig-so.b20f08c6-fd41-4c10-b01a-1995fb60aa2b.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Brisantes Corona-Papier: War das alles richtig so?&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Explosive Corona paper: was it all right?].&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abendzeitung\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Abendzeitung<\/a><\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;16 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-31\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Stephan Kohn (2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de\/media.media.5284c61e-1721-4af4-8af1-c1a6330b4b89.original.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;KM4 Analyse des Krisenmanagements (Kurzfassung)&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[KM4 analysis of crisis management (short version)]&nbsp;(PDF).&nbsp;<em>Stephan Kohn \/ Abendzeitung<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;16 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-32\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Sucharit Bhakdi, Gunter Frank, Gunnar Heinsohn, Stefan W. Hockertz, Karina Rei\u00df, Peter Schirmacher, Andreas S\u00f6nnichsen, Till Uebel, Harald Walach \/ Abendzeitung (11 May 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de\/media.media.98cfe8dc-2b67-4861-899d-d12b7f65fbe4.original.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Gemeinsame Pressemitteilung der Experten des Corona-Papiers aus dem Bundesministerium des Innern&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Joint press release by the experts on the Corona paper from the Federal Ministry of the Interior]&nbsp;(PDF). Retrieved&nbsp;16 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-33\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Benjamin Reuter (14 May 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/politik\/zehn-vermeintliche-experten-und-viele-fragezeichen-wie-der-angebliche-corona-geheimreport-im-innenministerium-entstand\/25829982.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Wie der angebliche Corona-Geheimreport im Innenministerium entstand&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[How the alleged Corona secret report in the Interior Ministry was created].&nbsp;<em>Der Tagesspiegel<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;16 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-:0_34-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Bhakdi, Sucharit; Reiss, Karina.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goldegg-verlag.com\/titel\/corona-fehlalarm\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Corona Fehlalarm? Zahlen, Daten und Hintergr\u00fcnde<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;[<em>Corona false alarm? Numbers, dates and backgrounds<\/em>].&nbsp;<em>www.goldegg-verlag.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;9 June&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-35\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buchreport.de\/bestseller\/buch\/isbn\/9783990601914.htm\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;buchreport, Corona Fehlalarm?&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Bookreport, &#8216;Corona Fehlalarm?&#8217;].&nbsp;<em>www.buchreport.de<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;4 July&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-36\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;Bhakdi, Sucharit; Reiss, Karina (April 2020).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goldegg-verlag.com\/title\/schreckgespenst-infektionen\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Schreckgespenst Infektionen \u2013 Mythen, Wahn und Wirklichkeit<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;[<em>Bogey Infections &#8211; Myths, Delusions and Reality<\/em>].&nbsp;<em>www.goldegg-verlag.com<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9783903090668\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><bdi>9783903090668<\/bdi><\/a>. Retrieved&nbsp;9 June&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-37\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni-kiel.de\/Biochemie\/sfb877\/3rd_period\/pages\/CV\/cv_reiss.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Karina Rei\u00df&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>www.uni-kiel.de<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;8 October&nbsp;2020.<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sucharit_Bhakdi#cite_ref-Volksverpetzer_2021_dictatorship_38-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.volksverpetzer.de\/bericht\/bhakdi-auswandern-thailand\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Bhakdi will aus &#8220;Diktatur&#8221; Deutschland nach Thailand auswandern, wo Covid-Fakes bestraft werden&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Volksverpetzer<\/em>&nbsp;(in German). 31 January 2021. Retrieved&nbsp;26 July&nbsp;2021.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The award&nbsp;<strong>Das Goldene Brett vorm Kopf<\/strong>&nbsp;(English translation: &#8220;<em>The Golden Blockhead<\/em>&#8220;, literal translation &#8220;<em>The Golden Board in Front of the Head<\/em>&#8220;) is a negative prize awarded by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gesellschaft_zur_wissenschaftlichen_Untersuchung_von_Parawissenschaften\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Society for the Scientific Investigation of Pseudosciences<\/a>&nbsp;(GWUP &#8211; Gesellschaft zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Satanic Temple to install Sol Invictus holiday display at state Capitol rotunda Andrew Adams State Journal-Register The state Capitol rotunda will have a satanic display alongside other religious art for a third &#8230; <a title=\"Sucharit Bhakdi\" class=\"read-more\" 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