{"id":8769,"date":"2023-09-06T21:33:05","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T02:33:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/?p=8769"},"modified":"2023-09-06T21:33:11","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T02:33:11","slug":"maccabees-and-zadokites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abudinen.com\/blog\/2023\/09\/06\/maccabees-and-zadokites\/","title":{"rendered":"Maccabees and Zadokites"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mark could have been written in greek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, \u201cin the prophets\u201d is found in Codex Washingtonianus, which dates as early as the late 4<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century (and so is not much younger than Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus); Codex Alexandrinus, perhaps as early as ca. AD 400; Codex P and Codex \u01a9 from the 6<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century; Codex E from the 8<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century, and F, G, and H from the 9<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century.&nbsp; So there are four manuscripts reading \u201cin the prophets\u201d from the 6<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century and earlier, <s>and three, all corrupt, reading \u201cin Isaiah the prophet.\u201d<\/s>&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>It seems more accurate, in light of this, to say that the \u201cearliest and best witnesses\u201d read \u201cin the prophets,\u201d not \u201cin Isaiah the prophet.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/truthinmydays.com\/why-there-is-an-error-in-mark-12-in-your-bible-another-example-of-the-evangelical-betrayal-of-the-bible\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/truthinmydays.com\/why-there-is-an-error-in-mark-12-in-your-bible-another-example-of-the-evangelical-betrayal-of-the-bible\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Codex Washingtonianus<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Codex Washingtonensis<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>Codex Freerianus<\/strong>, designated by&nbsp;<strong>W<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>032<\/strong>&nbsp;(in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biblical_manuscript#Gregory-Aland\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gregory-Aland<\/a>&nbsp;numbering of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Testament\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">New Testament<\/a>&nbsp;manuscripts), \u03b5014 (in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biblical_manuscript#Von_Soden\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">von Soden<\/a>&nbsp;numbering of New Testament manuscripts), also called the&nbsp;<em>Washington Manuscript of the Gospels<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>The Freer Gospel<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>The Freer Codex<\/em>, is a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Koine_Greek\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Greek<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncial\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">uncial<\/a>&nbsp;manuscript of the four&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gospel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gospels<\/a>, written on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vellum\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">parchment<\/a>. Using the study of comparative writing styles (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palaeography\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">palaeography<\/a>), it has been dated to the 4th or 5th century.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codex_Washingtonianus#cite_note-Aland-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a>:\u200a113\u200a<\/sup>&nbsp;The manuscript has some&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lacuna_(manuscripts)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">gaps<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurt_Aland\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Aland, Kurt<\/a>;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barbara_Aland\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Aland, Barbara<\/a>&nbsp;(1995).&nbsp;<em>The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism<\/em>. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_B._Eerdmans_Publishing_Company\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-8028-4098-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">978-0-8028-4098-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second, as Robert Gundry noted some time ago, it was common practice when dealing&nbsp;with composite quotations, if a source was to be cited, to name only the most important&nbsp;author (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/The-use-Testament-Matthews-Gospel\/dp\/B0006BXXAC\/?tag=thegospcoal-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">The Use of the Old Testament in St. Matthew\u2019s Gospel<\/a><\/em>,&nbsp;125). Mark is simply informing the reader that his primary&nbsp;interpretative horizon is Isaiah. And as is well recognized, Isaiah and in particular his&nbsp;vision of new exodus salvation do indeed play a fundamental role in his Gospel (see&nbsp;my&nbsp;<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Isaiahs-Exodus-Biblical-Studies-Library\/dp\/0801022517\/?tag=thegospcoal-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Isaiah\u2019s New Exodus in Mark<\/a><\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So why put Malachi first? Dick France suggests that it would be odd to have&nbsp;Malachi\u2019s \u201cSee!\u201d (<em>idou<\/em>) halfway through the citation, and the idea of a \u201cmessenger\u201d&nbsp;is more explicit in his citation than in&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esv.org\/verses\/Isaiah%2040%3A3\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Isaiah 40:3<\/a>, which instead offers an appropriate&nbsp;comment on the messenger\u2019s role (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Gospel-International-Greek-Testament-Commentary\/dp\/0802824463\/?tag=thegospcoal-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">The Gospel of Mark<\/a><\/em>, 63). Another suggestion is that the resulting Isaiah-Malachi-Isaiah pattern reflects something of Mark\u2019s well-known sandwiching technique (e.g.&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esv.org\/verses\/Mark%203%3A20-35%3B%2011%3A12-25\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Mark 3:20-35; 11:12-25<\/a>; Watts,&nbsp;<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Isaiahs-Exodus-Biblical-Studies-Library\/dp\/0801022517\/?tag=thegospcoal-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Exodus<\/a><\/em>, 89-90). In such structures the central element,&nbsp;in this case Malachi, provides the key to the theological purpose of the sandwich&nbsp;(see J. R. Edwards\u2019s \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/jbburnett.com\/resources\/Edwards_Markan-Sandwiches.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Markan Sandwiches: The Significance of Interpolations in Markan&nbsp;Narratives<\/a>,\u201d NovT 31 [1989], 196).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thegospelcoalition.org\/article\/you-asked-did-mark-fumble-his-opening-quotation\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/www.thegospelcoalition.org\/article\/you-asked-did-mark-fumble-his-opening-quotation\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following is an excerpt from Dr. Thomas Holland&#8217;s&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/av1611.com\/kjbp\/books\/review-cwg.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Crowned With Glory<\/a><\/em>, \u00a92000, used with permission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Traditional Text reads,&nbsp;<em>&#8220;As it is written in the prophets,&#8221;<\/em>&nbsp;and then cites from&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/av1611.com\/verseclick\/gobible.php?p=Malachi_3.1\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Malachi 3:1<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/av1611.com\/verseclick\/gobible.php?p=Isaiah_40.3\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Isaiah 40:3<\/a>. Other texts read,&nbsp;<em>&#8220;As it is written in the Prophet Isaiah,&#8221;&nbsp;<\/em>before quoting Malachi and Isaiah. The reading of the Traditional Text has considerable support. It is found in many of the Greek uncials (A, K, P, W, P) the majority of Greek minuscules (28, 1009, 1010, 1079, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1242, 1252, 1344, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148) and the majority of Greek lectionaries. Thus the Greek support dates from the fourth century onward. Additionally we also find the same reading in the Syriac Harclean version (616 AD), the Armenian version (fourth\/fifth century) and the Ethiopic versions of the sixth century. It also receives patristic citations from many of the church fathers such as the Latin version of Irenaeus (202 AD), Photius (895 AD), and Theophylact (1077 AD).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/av1611.com\/kjbp\/faq\/holland_mr1_2.html#_ftnref1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/av1611.com\/kjbp\/faq\/holland_mr1_2.html#_ftnref1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">READ https:\/\/syri.ac\/syriacbible<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The&nbsp;<strong>Sons of Zadok<\/strong>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_language\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hebrew<\/a>:&nbsp;\u05d1\u05b0\u05bc\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05e6\u05b8\u05d3\u05d5\u05b9\u05e7&nbsp;<em>b\u01ddn\u00ea \u1e62\u0101d\u014dq<\/em>) are a family of priests (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kohen\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">kohanim<\/a>), descended from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zadok\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Zadok<\/a>, described in the prophecies of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ezekiel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ezekiel<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zadok himself was the first&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High_Priest_of_Israel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">high priest<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solomon%27s_Temple\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Solomon&#8217;s Temple<\/a>&nbsp;(10th century BCE). His descendants were high priests in that temple until&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(587_BC)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">its destruction in 587 BCE<\/a>. Ezekiel&#8217;s prophecy came several decades after that destruction, and describes the Zadokite family&#8217;s loyalty to God while the rest of the nation rebelled against God.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The sons of Zadok are mentioned four times in the Hebrew Bible, as part of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Third_Temple\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Third Temple<\/a>&nbsp;prophecy in the final chapters of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Book_of_Ezekiel\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Book of Ezekiel<\/a>,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sons_of_Zadok#cite_note-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;and are a theme in Jewish and Christian interpretation of these chapters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sup>[1]<\/sup>&nbsp;Ezekiel 40:46, 43:19, 44:15, 48:11<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qumran<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Various documents of the texts found at Qumran mention the teachers of the community as &#8220;kohanim Sons of Zadok&#8221;,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sons_of_Zadok#cite_note-55\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[55]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;leading some scholars to assume that the community at Qumran included priests who refused to participate in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hellenization\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hellenization<\/a>&nbsp;of the priesthood then taking place in Jerusalem.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sons_of_Zadok#cite_note-56\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[56]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Biblical Exegesis of 4QpIsJM Rosenthal &#8211; The Jewish Quarterly Review, 1969 &#8211; JSTOR &#8230;between Sadducees and Zadokites, Driver had a predecessor, namely, the Hebrew writer and journalist&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Ben_Zion_Katz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ben Zion Katz<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sons_of_Zadok#cite_ref-56\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;The Survivors of Israel: A Reconsideration of the Theology of Pre-Christian Judaism (9780802844835): p455<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">REVIEW According to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A9za_Vermes\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Vermes<\/a>, every book of the Tanach was represented by fragments except Esther, probably because it involved a Jewish woman intermarrying with a gentile king. The reason the already-written Maccabees book would definitely NOT be found there is that the Dead Sea sect was absolutely opposed to the Maccabean\/Hasmonean High priests. The background of the &#8220;Damascus&#8221; document and a bunch of their other writings makes it appear that the sect split off from the &#8220;mainstream&#8221; Jews precisely because non-Zadok decended High Priests were serving in the Temple. After Onias the High priest was murdered, first the Seleucid Kings in charge installed some, and then the Maccabees themselves \u2014 non Zadokites \u2014 took over the High priesthood. The Dead Sea guys withdrew to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qumran\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Qumron<\/a>, probably to maintain purity for themselves and their leaders, who were apparently Zadokite priests. The Book(s) of Maccabees would have been absolutely anathema to them, and they would neither have copied nor kept copies of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">REVIEW There are several books called &#8220;Maccabbees,&#8221; and they&#8217;re pretty much unrelated to each other. They also written across a wide time span. Only the first book (IIRC) would have been composed in time for the Dead Sea Sect to have it in it&#8217;s collection. But since they were an isolationist sect who weren&#8217;t too pleased with the monarchy and the priests, it makes sense that they would not have preserved a book which glorifies both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">https:\/\/judaism.stackexchange.com\/questions\/12427\/were-the-books-of-maccabees-found-in-the-dead-sea-scrolls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jews<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prayers for the dead form part of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_services\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jewish services<\/a>. The prayers offered on behalf of the deceased consist of: Recitation of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psalms\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Psalms<\/a>; Reciting a thrice daily communal prayer in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aramaic\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Aramaic<\/a>&nbsp;which is known as&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaddish\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Kaddish<\/a><\/em>.&nbsp;<em>Kaddish<\/em>&nbsp;actually means &#8220;Sanctification&#8221; (or &#8220;Prayer of Making Holy&#8221;) which is a prayer &#8220;In Praise of God&#8221;; or other special remembrances known as&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bereavement_in_Judaism#Yizkor\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Yizkor<\/a><\/em>; and also a&nbsp;<em>Hazkara<\/em>&nbsp;which is said either on the annual commemoration known as the&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bereavement_in_Judaism#Yahrzeit\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Yahrzeit<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;as well on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_holiday\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jewish holidays<\/a>. The form in use in England contains the following passage: &#8220;Have mercy upon him; pardon all his transgressions. &#8230;Shelter his soul in the shadow of Thy wings. Make known to him the path of life.&#8221;<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prayer_for_the_dead#cite_note-EB1911-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sup>[1]<\/sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;One or more of the preceding sentences&nbsp;incorporates text from a publication now in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">public domain<\/a>:&nbsp;Burrows, Winfrid Oldfield (1911). &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Prayers_for_the_Dead\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Prayers for the Dead<\/a>&#8220;. In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugh_Chisholm\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Chisholm, Hugh<\/a>&nbsp;(ed.).&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/a><\/em>. Vol.&nbsp;22 (11th&nbsp;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&nbsp;262\u2013263.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to catholics <strong>Jesus and Peter Simultaneously Prayed to Saints and for the Dead<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tabitha was a disciple in Joppa who died. Peter prayed&nbsp;to&nbsp;her when he said \u201cTabitha, rise.\u201d See Acts 9:36-41. She was dead, and he was addressing her. There is no impenetrable wall between heaven and earth.&nbsp; This is not only praying to the dead, but&nbsp;<em>for<\/em>&nbsp;the dead, since the passage says that Peter \u201cprayed\u201d before addressing Tabitha first person. And he was praying for her to come back to life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our Lord Jesus does the same thing with regard to Lazarus. He prays for Lazarus (a dead man: John 11:41-42) and then speaks directly to a dead man (in effect, \u201cpraying\u201d to him): \u201cLazarus, come out\u201d (John 11:43).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncregister.com\/blog\/4-biblical-proofs-for-prayers-to-saints-and-for-the-dead\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ncregister.com\/blog\/4-biblical-proofs-for-prayers-to-saints-and-for-the-dead<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAnd after the exhibition, Tryphaena again received her [Thecla]. For her daughter Falconilla had died, and said to her in a dream: \u2018Mother, you shall have this stranger Thecla in my place, in order that she may pray concerning me, and that I may be transferred to the place of the righteous\u2019\u201d (<em>Acts of Paul and Thecla <\/em>[A.D. 160]).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe offer sacrifices for the dead on their birthday anniversaries [the date of death\u2014birth into eternal life]\u201d (<em>The Crown <\/em>3:3 [A.D. 211]).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">https:\/\/www.churchfathers.org\/purgatory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lds.org\/scriptures\/ot\/isa\/8.19?lang=eng#18\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Isaiah 8:19<\/a>&nbsp;(KJV):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">19 \u00b6 And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter:&nbsp;<strong>should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Emphasis added.]<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lds.org\/scriptures\/nt\/1-cor\/15.19,29?lang=eng#p18\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">1 Corinthians 15<\/a>, especially v. 19 and 29 (KJV):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">19 If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">29 Else what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? why are they then baptized for the dead?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The next would be&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lds.org\/scriptures\/nt\/john\/5.25-29?lang=eng#p24\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">John 5:25-29<\/a>&nbsp;(KJV):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">25 Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour is coming, and now is, when&nbsp;<strong>the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God<\/strong>: and they that hear shall live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">26 For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">27 And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">28 Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which&nbsp;<strong>all that are in the graves shall hear his voice<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">29 And shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Emphasis added.]<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is also&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lds.org\/scriptures\/nt\/1-pet\/4.6?lang=eng#p5\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">1 Peter 4:6<\/a>&nbsp;(KJV):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6 For for this cause was the gospel preached also to them that are dead, that they might be judged according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The last one that readily comes to mind is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lds.org\/scriptures\/nt\/rom\/14.7-9?lang=eng#p6\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Romans 14:7\u20139<\/a>&nbsp;(KJV):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7 For none of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">8 For whether we live, we live unto the Lord;&nbsp;<strong>and whether we die, we die unto the Lord: whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord\u2019s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">9 For&nbsp;<strong>to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Emphasis added.]<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/christianity.stackexchange.com\/questions\/55944\/what-is-the-biblical-support-for-praying-for-the-dead\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/christianity.stackexchange.com\/questions\/55944\/what-is-the-biblical-support-for-praying-for-the-dead<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catholic view about <strong>St. Raphael did not lie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This theory of broad mental reservation may then explain how it is that St. Raphael did not lie when he said,&nbsp;<em>I am Azarias the son of the great Ananias<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is no falsehood in this statement, since \u201cAzarias\u201d means \u201cthe healer of YHWH\u201d and \u201cAnanias\u201d means \u201cThe goodness of YHWH\u201d or \u201cThe grace of YHWH\u201d. Now, the Angel was then only disguising his true name (which means \u201cGod\u2019s healer\u201d) and testifying that he is sent into the world by God\u2019s goodness. Thus, he gives his name through a certain riddle \u2013 but Tobit was thereby led to believe that the Angel was only a man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, Raphael truly states who he appeared to be. That is, the Angel truly declares who he came as. While it would have been a lie for Raphael to say, \u201cI am not angel but only a man\u201d, he said no such thing. Rather, he identified himself in an obscure manner and, thereby, withheld from Tobit a truth which he had no right to know.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oFL1hjLFbs\"><a href=\"http:\/\/catholic.cafe\/2020\/01\/21\/angel-pretends-he-is-azariah\/\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">In the Book of Tobit, angel Raphael pretends he is Azariah, the son of Hananiah the elder. Why did the Angel lie? Isn&#8217;t it a sin to lie?<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;In the Book of Tobit, angel Raphael pretends he is Azariah, the son of Hananiah the elder. Why did the Angel lie? Isn&#8217;t it a sin to lie?&#8221; &#8212; Catholic Cafe\" src=\"http:\/\/catholic.cafe\/2020\/01\/21\/angel-pretends-he-is-azariah\/embed\/#?secret=C3dmKoOvJw#?secret=oFL1hjLFbs\" data-secret=\"oFL1hjLFbs\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">http:\/\/newtheologicalmovement.blogspot.com\/2011\/03\/abraham-jacob-rahab-and-judith-biblical.html?m=1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">REVIEW https:\/\/www.ministrymagazine.org\/archive\/1949\/12\/iii.-reasons-why-apocrypha-is-rejected<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Judit 9.13 \u201cDame palabras para poder enga\u00f1arlos y causarles el desastre y la muerte, pues tienen planes perversos contra tu alianza, contra el templo consagrado a ti, contra el monte Si\u00f3n y contra la ciudad que es hogar y propiedad de tus hijos\u00bb.&nbsp;<strong>Dios es la verdad, nunca justifica la mentira y menos la inspira, por lo que este texto ense\u00f1a algo contrario a la Palabra de Dios<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cJosu\u00e9, hijo de Nun, envi\u00f3 secretamente desde Sittim dos esp\u00edas con esta orden: \u00abId y explorad el pa\u00eds y Jeric\u00f3.\u00bb Fueron y entraron en casa de una prostituta, llamada Rajab, y durmieron all\u00ed. Se le dijo al rey de Jeric\u00f3: \u00abMira que unos hombres israelitas han entrado aqu\u00ed por la ncohe para explorar el pa\u00eds.\u00bb Entonces el rey de Jeric\u00f3 mand\u00f3 decir a Rajab: \u00abHaz salir a los hombres que han entrado donde ti \u2013 que han entrado a tu casa \u2013 porque han venido para explorar todo el pa\u00eds.\u00bb&nbsp;<strong>Pero la mujer tom\u00f3 a los dos hombres y los escondi\u00f3<\/strong>. Luego respondi\u00f3: \u00abEs verdad que esos hombres han venido a mi casa, pero yo no sab\u00eda de d\u00f3nde eran.&nbsp;<strong>Cuando<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>se iba a cerrar la puerta por la noche, esos hombres salieron y no s\u00e9 ad\u00f3nde han ido. Perseguidles aprisa, que los alcanzar\u00e9is.\u00bb Pero ella los hab\u00eda hecho subir al terrado y los hab\u00eda escondido entre unos haces de lino que ten\u00eda amontanados en el terrado<\/strong>\u201d Josu\u00e9 2,1-6<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cDel mismo modo&nbsp;<strong>Rajab, la prostituta, \u00bfno qued\u00f3 justificada por las obras dando hospedaje a los mensajeros y haci\u00e9ndoles marchar por otro camino<\/strong>?\u201d Santiago 2,25<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">REVIEW https:\/\/apologeticacatolica.org\/canon\/Los-Deuterocanonicos-Razones-basadas-en-su-contenido-por-las-que-los-protestantes-los-rechazan\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The title &#8220;1 Maccabees&#8221; is not the original title of the work. Rather, it comes from the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Septuagint\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Septuagint<\/a>, which gave it that title to distinguish it from the other&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">books of the Maccabees<\/a>. In the book itself, &#8220;Maccabee&#8221; is used solely as a personal title for Judah Maccabee (Latinized as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Judas_Maccabeus\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Judas Maccabeus<\/a>). Judas&#8217;s&nbsp;<em>Maccabee<\/em>&nbsp;title is generally tied to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aramaic_language\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Aramaic<\/a>&nbsp;word&nbsp;<em>maqqaba<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;makebet&#8221; in modern&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_language\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Hebrew<\/a>), &#8220;hammer&#8221; or &#8220;sledgehammer&#8221;. It is unknown how he got this&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epithet\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">epithet<\/a>; most presume it was in recognition of his prowess in battle.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-16\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[14]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-17\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[15]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The word &#8220;Maccabees&#8221; in plural, however, does not appear to have been used until centuries after the Maccabean Revolt. At first, it was used to describe the martyrs described in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">2 Maccabees<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#CITEREFTedescheZeitlin1950\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Tedesche &amp; Zeitlin 1950<\/a>, pp.&nbsp;250\u2013251. Zeitlin suggests it could also have been a physical characteristic, i.e. &#8220;Judah the Hammer-Headed.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-17\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/10236-maccabees-the\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;MACCABEES, THE &#8211; JewishEncyclopedia.com&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>www.jewishencyclopedia.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;2020-11-19.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eusebius\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Eusebius<\/a>, in his book&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Church_History_(Eusebius)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Church History<\/a><\/em>, quotes&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Origen_of_Alexandria\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Origen of Alexandria<\/a>&nbsp;who says the title of the work was&nbsp;<em>Sarb\u0113th Sabanaiel<\/em>,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-18\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[note 3]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;an enigmatic Greek transliteration from a putative Hebrew original title.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-19\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[16]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[17]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;It is thought that the most likely parts are the Aramaic&nbsp;<em>s\u0259par<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;book&#8221;),&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bet_(letter)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">b\u00eat<\/a>&nbsp;(&#8220;house&#8221; or &#8220;dynasty&#8221;), and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El_(deity)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8216;\u0113l<\/a>&nbsp;(&#8220;God&#8221;).<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwartz2022Title,_Major_Theme,_and_Structure-13\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Various reconstructions have been proposed for the overall phrase:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Book of the Prince of the House of Israel<\/em>, from the Hebrew&nbsp;\u05e9\u05b7\u05c2\u05e8 \u05d1\u05b5\u05bc\u05d9\u05ea \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05c2\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc,&nbsp;<em>Sar Beit-Yisra&#8217;el<\/em>, or &#8220;Book of the Prince of the House of God&#8221;&nbsp;\u05e9\u05b7\u05c2\u05e8 \u05d1\u05b5\u05bc\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc,&nbsp;<em>Sar Beit-El<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Book of the House of the Princes of God<\/em>,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-21\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[18]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The Book of the Dynasty of God&#8217;s Resisters<\/em>&nbsp;(in the sense of &#8220;those who resist on God&#8217;s behalf&#8221;),<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1976414%E2%80%93415-22\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[19]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;perhaps from&nbsp;\u05e1\u05b5\u05e4\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d1\u05b5\u05bc\u05d9\u05ea \u05e1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05b8\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc,&nbsp;<em>Sefer Beit Sarevanei El<\/em>&nbsp;(&#8220;Book of the House who strive for God&#8221;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The Book of the House of the Hasmoneans<\/em>&nbsp;(or simply&nbsp;<em>The Book of the Hasmoneans<\/em>)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-23\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[20]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_note-FOOTNOTETedescheZeitlin195048%E2%80%9349-24\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[21]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sup>[note 3]<\/sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ancient_Greek_language\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ancient Greek<\/a>:&nbsp;\u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b8\u03c3\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb,&nbsp;<small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">romanized<\/a>:&nbsp;<\/small><em>Sarb\u0113thsabanaiel<\/em>. Variants include&nbsp;\u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b8 \u03a3\u03b1[\u03c1]\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb,&nbsp;<em>Sarb\u0113th Sa[r]banai El<\/em>, and&nbsp;\u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b8 \u03a3\u03b1[\u03c1]\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03bb,&nbsp;<em>Sarb\u0113th Sa[r]baneel<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#CITEREFSchwartz2022\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Schwartz 2022<\/a>, Title, Major Theme, and Structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eusebius\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Eusebius<\/a>&nbsp;(1955) [4th century]. &#8220;Book 6, Chapter 25&#8221;.&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Church_History_(Eusebius)\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ecclesiastical History<\/a><\/em>. The Fathers of the Church. Vol.&nbsp;29. Translated by Deferrari, Roy J. New York: Fathers of the Church, Inc. p.&nbsp;48.&nbsp;<q>And besides these [books] there are the Maccabees, which are entitled&nbsp;<em>Sarb\u0113th Sabanaiel<\/em>.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-20\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;See: Darshan, Guy,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/40447785\/The_Original_Language_of_1_Maccabees_A_Reexamination_BN_NF_182_2019_91_110\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;The Original Language of 1 Maccabees: A Reexamination,&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;Biblische Notizen (Neue Folge) 182 (2019), 91\u2013110, esp. 92\u201394.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-21\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<em>The Interpreter&#8217;s dictionary of the Bible<\/em>, by William H. Brownlee (New York: Abingdon Press, 1962), III, 203.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1976414%E2%80%93415_22-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#CITEREFGoldstein1976\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Goldstein 1976<\/a>, pp.&nbsp;414\u2013415.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-23\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustaf_Dalman\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Gustaf Dalman<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/grammatikdesjd00dalmuoft\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><em>Grammatik des J\u00fcdisch-Pal\u00e4stinischen Aram\u00e4isch<\/em><\/a>, section 6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETedescheZeitlin195048%E2%80%9349_24-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">^<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1_Maccabees#CITEREFTedescheZeitlin1950\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Tedesche &amp; Zeitlin 1950<\/a>, pp.&nbsp;48\u201349.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The&nbsp;<strong>Books of the Maccabees<\/strong>&nbsp;or the&nbsp;<strong>Sefer HaMakabim<\/strong>&nbsp;(the&nbsp;<em>Book of the Maccabees<\/em>) recount the history of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Maccabees<\/a>, the leaders of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jews\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jewish<\/a>&nbsp;rebellion against the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seleucid_dynasty\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Seleucid dynasty<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/3_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">3 Maccabees<\/a>, a Greek narrative that professes to contain a historical account of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_Jews_in_Egypt\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Egyptian Jews<\/a>&nbsp;being delivered from their impending&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martyrdom_in_Judaism\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">martyrdom<\/a>&nbsp;at the hands of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ptolemy_IV_Philopator\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ptolemy IV Philopator<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-EB1911-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;in the 3rd century BC.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-isbe-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">4 Maccabees<\/a>, a Greek philosophic discourse that praises the supremacy of reason over passion, using the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maccabees#Holy_Maccabean_martyrs\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Maccabean martyrs<\/a>&nbsp;as examples.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-isbe-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">5 Maccabees<\/a>, an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Arabic<\/a>&nbsp;text which offers an account of the history of the Maccabees from 186 BC to 6 BC. The same title is occasionally ascribed to a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syriac_language\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Syriac<\/a>&nbsp;version of the 6th book of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josephus\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Josephus<\/a>&#8216;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Jewish_War\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">The Jewish War<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-isbe-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-sandrews-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/6_Maccabees\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">6 Maccabees<\/a>, a Syriac poem that possibly shared a lost source with 4 Maccabees.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-sandrews-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>7 Maccabees, a Syriac text which contains transcripts of speeches which were made by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maccabees#Holy_Maccabean_martyrs\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Maccabean Martyrs and their mother<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_note-sandrews-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fairweather, William (1911).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Maccabees,_Books_of\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Maccabees, Books of&#8221;&nbsp;<\/a>. In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugh_Chisholm\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Chisholm, Hugh<\/a>&nbsp;(ed.).&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/a><\/em>. Vol.&nbsp;17 (11th&nbsp;ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.&nbsp;198.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-isbe_2-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-isbe_2-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-isbe_2-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblestudytools.com\/encyclopedias\/isbe\/maccabees-books-of-3-5.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;Maccabees, Books of, 3-5.&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>International Standard Bible Encyclopedia<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;7 May&nbsp;2013&nbsp;\u2013 via BibleStudyTools.com.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-sandrews_3-0\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-sandrews_3-1\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-sandrews_3-2\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_the_Maccabees#cite_ref-sandrews_3-3\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Davila, James R.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20131012051105\/http:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/media\/school-of-divinity\/documents\/motp\/MOTP%20Edinburgh%2010_09.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;The More Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Project&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_St._Andrews\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">University of St. Andrews<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.st-andrews.ac.uk\/media\/school-of-divinity\/documents\/motp\/MOTP%20Edinburgh%2010_09.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;on 12 October 2013. Retrieved&nbsp;7 May&nbsp;2013.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multiple references to Hanukkah are also made in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mishna\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Mishna<\/a>&nbsp;(Bikkurim 1:6, Rosh HaShanah 1:3, Taanit 2:10, Megillah 3:4 and 3:6, Moed Katan 3:9, and Bava Kama 6:6), though specific laws are not described. The miracle of the one-day supply of oil miraculously lasting eight days is first described in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talmud\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Talmud<\/a>, committed to writing about 600 years after the events described in the books of Maccabees.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maccabees#cite_note-37\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">[37]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sup>[37]<\/sup>&nbsp;Dolanksy, Shawna (23 December 2011).&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/shawna-dolansky\/the-truth-about-hanukah_b_1165708.html\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">&#8220;The Truth(s) About Hanukkah&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Huffington Post<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The New Testament mentions&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_10#The_Feast_of_Dedication\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jesus visiting the temple during Hanukkah<\/a>&nbsp;(John 10:22-23).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mark could have been written in greek. 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