INMUNOLOGÍAINVESTIGACIÓN Y CIENCIAMARZO 2021
Los estragos inmunitarios de la COVID-19
El virus sabotea el sistema de defensa química del organismo.
Akiko Iwasaki Patrick Wong Patrick Wong Es estudiante de posgrado en el laboratorio de Akiko Iwasaki en la Universidad Yale.
EN SÍNTESIS El diseño de tratamientos contra el SARS-CoV-2 depende del conocimiento profundo de su interacción con las células del cuerpo y de la respuesta inmunitaria desplegada contra él.
El virus desata una respuesta hiperinflamatoria por parte del sistema inmunitario que causa graves daños en todo el cuerpo. Los entresijos de este proceso se siguen dilucidando.
Además de la rápida propagación celular facilitada por su vía de entrada, y su pronta multiplicación, el virus provoca cambios en las filas de los glóbulos blancos en su provecho.
Todos estos aspectos se investigan a marchas forzadas y con una inversión de recursos inédita que ha cambiado las reglas de la investigación básica.
11/03/21
Full Extent of COVID Vaccine Reactions Won’t Be Known for at Least 10 Years, Physician Says
On the latest episode of “Against the Wind” on CHD.TV, Dr. Paul Thomas interviewed two medical professionals who discussed how they defied hospital and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) protocols in order to treat COVID patients.By Children’s Health Defense Team
10/28/21•
COVID › VIEWS
Why Kids’ Immune Systems Can Handle COVID, and How Vaccines Could Compromise Their Natural Immune Response
Given the almost “zero” risk COVID poses to children, and based on the scientific evidence, epidemiologist and researcher Paul Elias Alexander, Ph.D. says we “are playing a dangerous game and are weakening formerly healthy robust immune systems.”By Paul Elias Alexander, Ph.D.
When one is vaccinated or becomes infected naturally, this drives the formation, tissue distribution and clonal evolution of B cells, which is key to encoding humoral immune memory.
Recent research published in Science shows children’s blood, retrieved prior to the COVID pandemic, has memory B cells that can bind to SARS-CoV-2.
This research suggests the potent role of early childhood exposure to common cold coronaviruses (coronaviruses). This is supported by Mateus et al., who reported on T-cell memory to prior coronaviruses that cause the common cold (cross-reactivity/cross-protection).
. Another study, which builds on previous research, suggests the reason children can more easily neutralize the virus is that their T cells are relatively naïve.
The researchers argue that since children’s T cells are mostly untrained, they can thus immunologically respond and optimally differentiate more rapidly and more nimbly, to mount a more robust response, to novel viruses.
Nov 4, 2021,03:09pm EDT|9,440 views
UK Approval Of Molnupiravir May Create New And More Dangerous Covid-19 Variants
William A. HaseltineContributorHealthcare
Molnupiravir works by tricking the virus into using the drug for replication, then inserting errors into the virus’ genetic code once replication is underway. When enough copying errors occur, the virus is essentially killed off, unable to replicate any further. If the pill is administered to millions, which will likely be the case if this authorization is the first of many, it could introduce mutations to the virus itself that are significant enough to change how the virus functions, but not so powerful as to stop it from replicating and becoming the next dominant variant.
—
Double jabbed – double case rates
According to the latest government official UK reports, case rates per 100,000 are now double in the double vaccinated population compared to the unvaccinated for people aged 40 to 79.
Many people are starting to ask why this is? There are a number of fundamental immunological reasons – listed and explained here . Sound biological reasons range from the fact that a shot in the arm is not effective against mucosal (lung) infections, the pressure on variant shift, the need for a good T-cell response – that is absent with this form of inoculation – and the immune principle of ‘original antigenic sin‘.
Robert Peston Shocked by Lack of Debate on Vaccine Effectiveness – Before Caving to Critics and Apologising for Questioning Vaccine Effectiveness I wrote earlier in the week about the latest vaccine data from Public Health England (PHE) and how it shows that in the last month reported infection rates have been higher in the double vaccinated than in the unvaccinated for those aged 40-79 – up to 38% higher in some age bands.
The rate of a positive COVID-19 test varies by age and vaccination status. The rate of a
positive COVID-19 test is substantially lower in vaccinated individuals compared to
unvaccinated individuals up to the age of 39, and in those aged greater than 80. In
individuals aged 40 to 79, the rate of a positive COVID-19 test is higher in vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated. “This is likely to be due to a variety of reasons, including differences in the population of vaccinated and unvaccinated people as well as differences in testing patterns”
Neutropenia as an Adverse Event following Vaccination: Results from Randomized Clinical Trials in Healthy Adults and Systematic Review
Vincent Muturi-Kioi, David Lewis, […], and Audino Podda Abstract Background In the context of early vaccine trials aimed at evaluating the safety profile of novel vaccines, abnormal haematological values, such as neutropenia, are often reported. It is therefore important to evaluate how these trials should be planned not to miss potentially important safety signals, but also to understand the implications and the clinical relevance.
Original Antigenic Sin: How First Exposure Shapes Lifelong Anti–Influenza Virus Immune Responses
Ali Zhang, Hannah D. Stacey, Caitlin E. Mullarkey and Matthew S. MillerJ Immunol January 15, 2019, 202 (2) 335-340; DOI: The term “original antigenic sin” (OAS) was first used in the 1960s to describe how one’s first exposure to influenza virus shapes the outcome of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. In the decades that have passed, OAS-like responses have been shown to play an integral role in both protection from and susceptibility to infections. OAS may also have an important deterministic role in the differential efficacy of influenza vaccine responses observed for various age cohorts across seasons. In this article, we review how the understanding of OAS has progressed from its initial description and highlight important outstanding questions in need of further study.
Bill Gates: My ‘best investment’ turned $10 billion into $200 billion worth of economic benefit
PUBLISHED WED, JAN 23 2019 7:13 AM ESTUPDATED WED, JAN 23 2019 10:28 AM ESTMatthew J. Belvedere@MATT_BELVEDERE
- Investing in global health organizations aimed at increasing access to vaccines creates a 20-to-1 return, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist says.
- Putting $10 billion into the S&P 500 would have grown only to $17 billion over 18 years, factoring in reinvested dividends, Gates tells CNBC in Davos.
A polystrate fossil is a fossil of a single organism (such as a tree trunk) that extends through more than one geological stratum.[1] This term is typically applied to “fossil forests” of upright fossil tree trunks and stumps that have been found worldwide, i.e. in the Eastern United States, Eastern Canada, England, France, Germany, and Australia, typically associated with coal-bearing strata.[2] Within Carboniferous coal-bearing strata, it is also very common to find what are called Stigmaria (root stocks) within the same stratum. Stigmaria are completely absent in post-Carboniferous strata, which contain either coal, polystrate trees, or both. The word polystrate is not a standard geological term. This term is typically found in creationist publications.[1][3]
- MacRae, A., 1997, “Polystrate” Tree Fossils. TalkOrigins Archive.
- ^ a b c DiMichele, W.A., and H.J. Falcon-Lang, 2011, Pennsylvanian ‘fossil forests’ in growth position (T0 assemblages): origin, taphonomic bias and palaeoecological insights. Journal of the Geological Society, 168(2):585-605.
- ^ Gastaldo, R.A. 1999. Debates on Autochthonous and Allochthonous Origin of Coal: Empirical Science versus the Diluvialists, In Manger, W.L., ed., The Evolution-Creation Controversy II: Perspectives on Science, Religion, and Geological Education, The Paleontological Society Papers, v. 5, p. 135-167.
Forget Bluetooth, New Wireless Technology Uses Your Body to Transmit Data
PETER DOCKRILL4 SEPTEMBER 2015
Bluetooth redefines ubiquitous. It’s seemingly everywhere, and nowhere more so than in personal wearable devices such as fitness trackers, smart watches, audio headsets, earphones… you name it.
La tos desaparece con el jarabe Bayer de Heroína
Armando Como es lógico, pronto empezaron a aparecer casos de niños que parecían haberle pillado el gustillo al jarabe y que, como hacen los niños de ahora, simulaban tener tos (el mío mediano lo hace a veces para que le de el jarabe de la tos que tanto le gusta) para recibir más. Desde Bayer, sin embargo, trataron de silenciar esas voces, sabedores de que detrás del producto no había estudios que confirmaran su seguridad. Finalmente en el año 1913, y tras demostrarse que la heroína se transformaba en morfina al pasar por el hígado y que era altamente adictivo, Bayer detuvo la producción y decidió dar por finalizada su aventura como gran expendedor de una de las drogas más adictivas que existe.
SARS–CoV–2 Spike Impairs DNA Damage Repair and Inhibits V(D)J Recombination In Vitro
by Hui Jiang 1,2,* andYa-Fang Mei 2,*1Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner–Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden2Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden*Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.Academic Editor: Oliver SchildgenViruses2021, 13(10), 2056; : 20 August 2021 / Revised: 8 September 2021 / Accepted: 8 October 2021 / Published: 13 October 2021 (This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Host Cell Interactions)
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV–2) has led to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) pandemic, severely affecting public health and the global economy. Adaptive immunity plays a crucial role in fighting against SARS–CoV–2 infection and directly influences the clinical outcomes of patients. Clinical studies have indicated that patients with severe COVID–19 exhibit delayed and weak adaptive immune responses; however, the mechanism by which SARS–CoV–2 impedes adaptive immunity remains unclear. Here, by using an in vitro cell line, we report that the SARS–CoV–2 spike protein significantly inhibits DNA damage repair, which is required for effective V(D)J recombination in adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, we found that the spike protein localizes in the nucleus and inhibits DNA damage repair by impeding key DNA repair protein BRCA1 and 53BP1 recruitment to the damage site. Our findings reveal a potential molecular mechanism by which the spike protein might impede adaptive immunity and underscore the potential side effects of full-length spike-based vaccines.Keywords: SARS–CoV–2; spike; DNA damage repair; V(D)J recombination; vaccine
Comirnaty and Spikevax: possible link to very rare cases of myocarditis and pericarditis
ShareNews 09/07/2021 EMA’s safety committee (PRAC) has concluded that myocarditis and pericarditis can occur in very rare cases following vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccines Comirnaty and Spikevax (previously COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna).
Sharing is caring
Share
+1
Tweet
Share
Share