Nature

Planet Earth makes its own water from scratch deep in the mantle Read more:  EARTH 27 January 2017 By Andy Coghlan Our planet may be blue from the inside out. Earth’s huge store of water might have originated via chemical reactions in the mantle, rather than arriving from space through collisions with ice-rich comets.

This new water may be under such pressure that it can trigger earthquakes hundreds of kilometres below Earth’s surface – tremors whose origins have so far remained unexplained.

That’s the upshot of a computer simulation of reactions in Earth’s upper mantle between liquid hydrogen and quartz, the most common and stable form of silica in this part of the planet.

Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume 461, 1 March 2017, Pages 54-60

Formation and properties of water from quartz and hydrogen at high pressure and temperature

Author links open overlay panelZdenekFutera^aXueYong^bYuanmingPan^cJohn S.Tse^bdNiall J.English^aaSchool of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland^bDepartment Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada^cDepartment of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada^dState Laboratory for Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Received 19 October 2016, Revised 20 December 2016, Accepted 22 December 2016, Available online 9 January 2017.

Editor: P. Shearer

rights and contentReferred to byZdenek Futera, Xue Yong, Yuanming Pan, John S. Tse, Niall J. EnglishCorrigendum to “Formation and properties of water from quartz and hydrogen at high pressure and temperature” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 461 (2017) 54–60]Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 471, 1 August 2017, Pages 199Download PDF

Highlights

•H₂ reacts readily with quartz at low pressure and high temperature producing water.•

The structure of the confined water resembles that of highly compressed water.•

The pressurized water is a possible trigger for nucleating enigmatic deep earthquakes.

Abstract Quartz, as the most stable low-pressure polymorph of silica (SiO₂), is widely abundant in Earth’s crust and mantle, exhibiting relatively high chemical stability. Although silica is only slightly soluble in water at ambient conditions, producing silicon-based weakly acidic compounds, Shinozaki et al. (2014) have shown recently that water itself can be formed by dissolution of SiO₂ in H2 fluid under high- temperature and pressure conditions. Here, we have simulated this process via molecular-dynamics techniques based on a reactive force-field description of the SiO2/H2 interface. Diffusion of the H2 fluid into the quartz crystal lattice was observed upon increasing temperature and pressure, followed by interaction of dissociated, atomic hydrogen with oxygen atoms in the SiO₂ lattice, disrupting the lattice and leading to the formation of water. Interestingly, water is evolved in the subsurface region of the silica, and it remains confined there, isolated from the hydrogen fluid, which corresponds precisely to the ice-like spectroscopic patterns observed experimentally. The over-pressured water formed from quartz and H2 is a possible trigger for nucleating enigmatic deep earthquakes in the continental mantle lithosphere.

REVIEW

READ Role of Christianity in civilization

Christianity in China has been present since at least the 7th century and has gained a significant amount of influence during the last 200 years.^[2] The Syro-Persian Church of the East (frequently mischaracterized as Nestorianism) appeared in the 7th century, during the Tang dynasty.

REVIEW SATAN’S CHILDREN (1989 interview) Theresa Murphy describes satanic practices, & Sexual Ritual Abuse that she was forced to endure. The items described, are the most gruesome thing that can happen to our children, & we will know it through the words of Theresa, who lived through it. If it is hard for you to find the courage to face these sickening practices, you must realize, we MUST do it for the sake of our children. Theresa committed suicide in 2005 at the age of 33, along w/ a 33 page letter addressed to the sister at the scene. Make of that what you will, but 33 has always been a numerical representation of Freemason practices. The Dutroux Affair & protected child abuse & snuff networks. *important to note that police did not believe Theresa, until she gave detailed descriptions of publicly unknown facts of other child abuse cases

Childhood sex abuse caused woman’s suicide, inquest told A woman hung herself as a direct result of sexual abuse during her childhood in Co Dublin, an inquest heard tonight.FRI, 30 SEP, 2005 – 19:00 A woman hung herself as a direct result of sexual abuse during her childhood in Co Dublin, an inquest heard tonight.

The body of Theresa Murphy – a sister of Cynthia Owen who has claimed to be the victim of sexual abuse in her childhood – was discovered on February 24, 2005.

Ms Murphy’s best friend, Kevin Harran, said the 33-year-old’s suicide at the apartment she rented in Cabra Park in Dublin’s Phibsborough was without a doubt directly linked to the sexual abuse she had suffered.

Marc Dutroux (Bruselas, 6 de noviembre de 1956) es un asesino en serie belga, acusado de estar vinculado a una red de pedofilia, condenado por haber secuestrado, torturado y abusado sexualmente de seis niñas y adolescentes de edades entre los 8 y 19 años, de las cuales cuatro fueron asesinadas entre 1995 y 1996.

Las autoridades fueron criticadas en varios aspectos de la investigación. Quizás el más notable fue que la policía había registrado la casa de Dutroux el 13 de diciembre de 1995 y lo hizo nuevamente seis días después en relación al robo de coches. Durante estos mismo días, Julie Lejeune y Mélissa Russo estaban vivas y encerradas en la mazmorra de la casa. Sin embargo, no fueron encontradas por la policía.

The number of participants in the current clinical development program is too small to detect any potential risks of myocarditis associated with vaccination. Long-term safety of COVID-19 vaccine in participants 5 to <12 years of age will be studied in 5 post-authorization safety studies, including a 5-year follow-up study to evaluate long term
sequelae of post-vaccination myocarditis/pericarditis.

ritual abuse Kevin marron

La tecnología no había avanzado tan rápido por falta de necesidad, crecimiento de la población, disposición y sobre todo la primera venida de Cristo. No por falta de conocimiento

1st century: The Aeolipile, a simple steam turbine is recorded by Hero of Alexandria.^[241]

1st century: Vending machines invented by Hero of Alexandria.

The camera obscura or pinhole image is a natural optical phenomenon. Early known descriptions are found in the Chinese Mozi writings (circa 500 BCE) and the Aristotelian Problems (circa 300 BCE – 600 CE).

Luminiscencia es todo proceso de emisión de luz cuyo origen no radica exclusivamente en las altas temperaturas sino que, por el contrario, es una forma de “luz fría” en la que la emisión de radiación lumínica es provocada en condiciones de temperatura ambiente o baja.

MATTER OF LIFE & TECH | LIGHT-EMITTING DIODEPotato power: the spuds that could light the world By Jonathan Kalan11th November 2013

Nov 1, 2021,10:06am EDT|12,433 views Supercharging New Viral Variants: The Dangers Of Molnupiravir (Part 1)

William A. HaseltineContributorHealthcare As much as people are justifiably excited about the prospect for orally available drugs that can prevent and treat Covid-19, I believe the FDA needs to tread very carefully with molnupiravir, the antiviral currently before them for approval. My misgivings are founded on two key concerns. The first is the drug’s potential mutagenicity, and the possibility that its use could lead to birth defects or cancerous tumors. The second is a danger that is far greater and potentially far deadlier: the drug’s potential to supercharge SARS-CoV-2 mutations and unleash a more virulent variant upon the world. 

Práctica estufa a aserrín, una carga alcanza para 5 horas de cocción, hecha con materiales de reciclaje, su costo al fabricarla es prácticamente nada.

Covid-19 testing company faces privacy probe over plan to sell swabs carrying customer DNA A major Covid-19 testing company is under investigation after revelations it plans to sell swabs carrying customer DNA to third parties.Frank Chung@franks_chung2 min readNovember 15, 2021 – 8:54PM Cignpost Diagnostics, a government-approved testing provider, has delivered up to three million tests at a cost of between £35 ($64) and £120 ($220) each since it was founded in June last year, The Sunday Times reported. Cignpost, which trades as Express Test, said it intended to analyse the samples to “learn more about human health”, develop drugs and products or to sell information to third parties, according to company documents.

He previously served as the chief scientist and vice-president of the allergy and respiratory research division of the drug company Pfizer,^[4] and is the co-founder and former CEO of the biotechnology company Ziarco.^[5][6][7]

1.  “Pulmatrix Appoints Respiratory and Allergy Expert, Michael Yeadon, PhD, to Scientific Advisory Board”. Business Wire (Press release). 7 October 2011.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Stecklow, Steve; Macaskill, Andrew (18 March 2021). “The ex-Pfizer scientist who became an anti-vax hero”. Reuters.
3. ^ “UPDATED: Ex-Pfizer crew snags $27M financing for U.K. drugs startup”. FierceBiotech. 5 November 2012.
4. ^ “Ziarco chooses Discovery Park as base for new drug development”. Pharma Business International. 10 November 2015.

Coronavirus: Scientists stumble on potential vaccine by ‘pure luck’ 28/02/2020 Dan Satherley The scientists stumbled upon the potential vaccine by “pure luck”, biotechnologist Chen Katz told The Jerusalem Post. They had been working on a vaccine for a particular bronchitis virus that affects poultry for years before the COVID-19 outbreak started. When the COVID-19 genome was sequenced, they noticed it was very similar to that belonging to the disease they were already working on.

Scientists have worked out how to generate electricity from thin air

By Rachel Graham   •   18/02/2020 Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed a device that uses a natural protein to create electricity from humidity and moisture present in the air across the globe. They say the new technology could have change the face of renewable energy with the potential to put the brakes on climate change by burning fewer fossil fuels. The ‘Air-gen’ or air-powered generator contains tiny electrically conductive wires called protein nanowire, which are produced by microbes. The generator connects electrodes to the nanowires meaning electricity is generated from water vapour in the atmosphere.

New green technology generates electricity ‘out of thin air’

Renewable device could help mitigate climate change, power medical devices Date:February 17, 2020Source:University of Massachusetts AmherstSummary:Electrical engineers and microbiologists have created a device they call an ‘Air-gen’ or air-powered generator, with electrically conductive protein nanowires produced by the microbe Geobacter. The Air-gen connects electrodes to the protein nanowires in such a way that electrical current is generated from the water vapor naturally present in the atmosphere.

As reported today in Nature, the laboratories of electrical engineer Jun Yao and microbiologist Derek Lovley at UMass Amherst have created a device they call an “Air-gen” or air-powered generator, with electrically conductive protein nanowires produced by the microbe Geobacter. The Air-gen connects electrodes to the protein nanowires in such a way that electrical current is generated from the water vapor naturally present in the atmosphere.

“We are literally making electricity out of thin air,” says Yao. “The Air-gen generates clean energy 24/7.” Lovely, who has advanced sustainable biology-based electronic materials over three decades, adds, “It’s the most amazing and exciting application of protein nanowires yet.”

The new technology developed in Yao’s lab is non-polluting, renewable and low-cost. It can generate power even in areas with extremely low humidity such as the Sahara Desert. It has significant advantages over other forms of renewable energy including solar and wind, Lovley says, because unlike these other renewable energy sources, the Air-gen does not require sunlight or wind, and “it even works indoors.”

The Air-gen device requires only a thin film of protein nanowires less than 10 microns thick, the researchers explain. The bottom of the film rests on an electrode, while a smaller electrode that covers only part of the nanowire film sits on top. The film adsorbs water vapor from the atmosphere. A combination of the electrical conductivity and surface chemistry of the protein nanowires, coupled with the fine pores between the nanowires within the film, establishes the conditions that generate an electrical current between the two electrodes.

The researchers say that the current generation of Air-gen devices are able to power small electronics, and they expect to bring the invention to commercial scale soon. Next steps they plan include developing a small Air-gen “patch” that can power electronic wearables such as health and fitness monitors and smart watches, which would eliminate the requirement for traditional batteries. They also hope to develop Air-gens to apply to cell phones to eliminate periodic charging.

Yao says, “The ultimate goal is to make large-scale systems. For example, the technology might be incorporated into wall paint that could help power your home. Or, we may develop stand-alone air-powered generators that supply electricity off the grid. Once we get to an industrial scale for wire production, I fully expect that we can make large systems that will make a major contribution to sustainable energy production.”

Continuing to advance the practical biological capabilities of Geobacter, Lovley’s lab recently developed a new microbial strain to more rapidly and inexpensively mass produce protein nanowires. “We turned E. coli into a protein nanowire factory,” he says. “With this new scalable process, protein nanowire supply will no longer be a bottleneck to developing these applications.”

The Air-gen discovery reflects an unusual interdisciplinary collaboration, they say. Lovley discovered the Geobacter microbe in the mud of the Potomac River more than 30 years ago. His lab later discovered its ability to produce electrically conductive protein nanowires. Before coming to UMass Amherst, Yao had worked for years at Harvard University, where he engineered electronic devices with silicon nanowires. They joined forces to see if useful electronic devices could be made with the protein nanowires harvested from Geobacter.

Xiaomeng Liu, a Ph.D. student in Yao’s lab, was developing sensor devices when he noticed something unexpected. He recalls, “I saw that when the nanowires were contacted with electrodes in a specific way the devices generated a current. I found that that exposure to atmospheric humidity was essential and that protein nanowires adsorbed water, producing a voltage gradient across the device.”

In addition to the Air-gen, Yao’s laboratory has developed several other applications with the protein nanowires. “This is just the beginning of new era of protein-based electronic devices” said Yao.

The research was supported in part from a seed fund through the Office of Technology Commercialization and Ventures at UMass Amherst and research development funds from the campus’s College of Natural Sciences.

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Massachusetts Amherst. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

1. Xiaomeng Liu, Hongyan Gao, Joy E. Ward, Xiaorong Liu, Bing Yin, Tianda Fu, Jianhan Chen, Derek R. Lovley, Jun Yao. Power generation from ambient humidity using protein nanowires. Nature, 2020; DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2010-9

Atmospheric electricity is the study of electrical charges in the Earth’s atmosphere (or that of another planet). The movement of charge between the Earth’s surface, the atmosphere, and the ionosphere is known as the global atmospheric electrical circuit. Atmospheric electricity is an interdisciplinary topic with a long history, involving concepts from electrostatics, atmospheric physics, meteorology and Earth science.^[2]

^[2] Chalmers, J. Alan (1967). Atmospheric Electricity. Pergamon Press.

Tibetan singing bowls give up their chaotic secrets

• By Jason Palmer
• Science and technology reporter, BBC News

1 July 2011 A report in the journal Nonlinearity mathematically analyses the effect and could shed light on other fluid processes, such as fuel injection.