Apocrypha

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4QInstruction, (Hebrew: מוסר למבין, romanized: Musar leMevin, lit. ‘Instruction to a student’),[1] also known as Sapiential Work A or Secret of the Way Things Are, is a Hebrew text among the Dead Sea Scrolls classified as wisdom literature. It is authored by a spiritual expert, directed towards a beginner. The author addresses how to deal with business and money issues in a godly manner, public affairs, leadership, marriage, children, and family, and how to live life righteously among secular society. There is some consensus that it dates to the third century BCE. 4QInstruction is preserved in at least seven fragmentary manuscripts from the Dead Sea Scrolls found in Qumran caves one and four, namely: 4Q415, 4Q416, 4Q417, 4Q418, 4Q418a, 4Q423, and 1Q26. These scrolls date approximately from the first century BCE and early first century CE. Although there is no literal dependence between Daniel and the Sapiential Works, it is likely that they emerged from the same, or similar, scribal circles. Many phrases and ideas from Daniel pertaining to wisdom, revelation, and the elect recur in “The Secret of the Way Things Are.” Similarly, both books reflect scribal activity with “a quest for divine communication,” and “neither are concerned with the sacrificial cult of the Temple”.[15] The Work is also analogous to New Testament scripture, with recurring[...x]