Dates discrepancies

Five of the periods were so bad, the LORD sold, or gave His people over to someone else:

Therefore the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia. And the people of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim eight years. (Judges 3:8)

And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim. 3 Then the people of Israel cried out to the LORD for help, for he had 900 chariots of iron and he oppressed the people of Israel cruelly for twenty years. (Judges 4:2-3)

The people of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, and the LORD gave them into the hand of Midian seven years. (Judges 6:1)

So the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the Ammonites, and they crushed and oppressed the people of Israel that year. For eighteen years they oppressed all the people of Israel who were beyond the Jordan in the land of the Amorites, which is in Gilead. (Judges 10:7-8)

And the people of Israel again did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, so the LORD gave them into the hand of the Philistines for forty years. (Judges 13:1)

These periods add up to 93 years:

Sold to Cushan-rishathiam         8 years
Sold to Jaban king of Canaan     20 years
Given to Midian                   7 years
Sold to Philistines & Ammonites  18 years
Given to Philistines             40 years
Total                            93 years

The “missing” 93 years can be reconciled by subtracting the years the Israelites “belonged” to a foreigner because the LORD had sold them, or given them to over to be ruled by someone who was not a descendant of Israel.

There are two ways to view the length of time between the LORD bringing the people out of Egypt and the beginning of the building of Temple. One way is to simply consider the total amount of time. This is Paul’s 573 years. The second way is to count only those years which the Israelites were serving an Israelite chosen by the LORD. This is the writer of 1 Kings 450 years.

IGT: If this is right it would be right to say exodus occurred before 1446 bc under 16th bc century as early Christian era writers pointed at.

2. Acts mistranslated

The apparent discrepancy between the two passages under consideration has to do with the fact that certain Greek manuscripts differ from others in their recording of Paul’s statement in Acts 13. When we compare various translations of the verse, it quickly becomes clear that the particular wording of the verse is in question.

And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, he divided their land to them by lot. And after that he gave unto them judges about the space of four hundred and fifty years, until Samuel the prophet (Acts 13:19-20, KJV).

And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, he gave them their land for an inheritance, for about four hundred and fifty years: and after these things he gave them judges until Samuel the prophet (Acts 13:19-20, ASV).

He overthrew seven nations in Canaan and gave their land to his people as their inheritance. All this took about 450 years. After this, God gave them judges until the time of Samuel the prophet (Acts 13:19-20, NIV).

And having destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, he gave them their land as an inheritance. And after these things he gave them judges till Samuel the prophet, to the end of about four hundred and fifty years (Acts 13:14-20, Darby Bible, 1890).

[A]nd having destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, He did divide by lot to them their land. And after these things, about four hundred and fifty years, He gave judges—till Samuel the prophet (Acts 13:19-20, Young’s Literal Translation).

IGT: If this interpretation is right, then bible.ca offers many angles articles on studying why early Christian era writers seems to disagree.

Many dates, one author, error or view angles? https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route.htm

Date and Pharaoh of the Exodus from Christian Literary sources. The earliest Christians universally taught the early exodus date in the 15th century BC and identified a variety of Pharaohs from the early 18th Dynasty. The origin of the late date of the exodus at the time of Ramses II is pagan Egyptian and Roman historians. Steven Rudd, Dallas, Thursday, November 18, 2021, ETS/NEAS

Some others seems to say josephus pointed to a later exodus before 1446bc or earlier at 1683bc. From Manetho, Josephus calculates the exodus as three hundred and ninety three years before Danaus arrived in Argos (about 1290 BC), which would place the exodus at 1683 BC, and a thousand years before the Trojan war (1186 BC; 1926, 205, 257; Against Apion I.103-5). 

I Kings 6:1 LXX 440 MT 480

Summary of 8 major chronological errors

1. Persian: added 40 years: Cause: bad historical records
2. Divided Kingdom: added 50-200 years: Cause: misunderstood coregencies of kings
3. Exodus to Solomon’s temple: added 50-200 years. Cause: ignored 480 years of 1 Ki 4:8
   and misunderstood coregencies of Judges
   The Holy Spirit corrected 5 errors in the New Testament
4. Miscalculated the death of Joshua after crossing the Jordan to 23 years
   (Corrected in New Testament to 50 years: Joshua was type of Sabbath
   rest in Hebrews 4:8. Died after first 49-year Jubilee after crossing Jordan)
5. Used short sojourn of 215 years in Egypt (Corrected in New Testament to 430 years:
   Ex 12:40; Gal 3:17)
6. Misdated Terah as 70 years old when Abraham was born (Corrected in New Testament
   to 130 years: Acts 7:4).
7. Saul reigned only 20 years. (Corrected in New Testament to 40 years: Acts 13:21)
8. Skipped the 130 years of Kainan (Corrected in New Testament: Lk 3:36)

Master Summary of 23 Ancient Literary Sources for the Pharaoh and Date of the Exodus

REVIEW

https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt-midian-arabia-kadesh-barnea-shur-demetrius-the-chronographer-225bc.htm

https://biblicalhistoricalcontext.com/exodus/the-biblical-dates-of-the-exodus/#fnref:7

https://www.etsjets.org/files/JETS-PDFs/50/50-2/JETS_50-2_225-247_Hoffmeier.pdf

https://biblearchaeology.org/research/exodus-from-egypt/2954-the-biblical-date-for-the-exodus-is-1446-bc-a-response-to-james-hoffmeier

Although it is common to read the underlying Greek, “μετα ταυτα” as “after these things” in a sequential sense, the Greek “μετα” (preposition, used with the accusative case) can also mean “according to” (Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon). Thus, “μετα ταυτα” can be read, “according to these things.” https://www.textandtranslation.org/the-acts-1320-problem/ ACTS 13:20 AND 1 KINGS 6:1

https://creation.com/the-times-of-the-judges-a-chronology-response

https://apologeticspress.org/the-period-of-the-judges-and-a-young-earth-156/

https://armstronginstitute.org/350-what-is-the-correct-time-frame-for-the-exodus-and-conquest-of-the-promised-land

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